Historiographic Conceptualization of Information: A Critical Survey

Geoghegan, Bernard Dionysius

doi:10.1109/mahc.2008.9

Cited by 22 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 17 publications

(9 reference statements)

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“…As an index of disagreement between the distributions, one could use the distance between the Normal distribution and the Cauchy distribution. Cer-tainly more work is needed and we try to follow this line of though -Data Analysis under the Information Theory line of thought, Geoghegan (2008), adopting the appropriate distances. As far as the symmetry concerns, it might be essential to social-economical problems, but not necessarily for the Environmental problems -interest is focused to measure the information from the source of the pollution, say place X to the place, say Y , in a distance and not the opposite.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Considering distance measures in Statistics

Kitsos

Nisiotis

2022

Biometrical Letters

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Summary The target of this paper is to offer a compact review of the so called distance methods in Statistics, which cover all the known estimation methods. Based on this fact we propose a new step, to adopt from Information Theory, the divergence measures, as distance methods, to compare two distributions, and not only to investigate if the means or the variances of the distributions are equal. Some useful results towards this line of thought are presented, adopting a compact form for all known divergence measures, and are appropriately analyzed for Biometrical, and not only, applications.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Considering distance measures in Statistics

Kitsos

Nisiotis

2022

Biometrical Letters

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“…Perhaps equally important, the success of information theory brought attention and resources to the study of information. Governments, private foundations, and for-profit companies invested in a wide range of information-focused research during the postwar period (Geoghegan 2008). As such, it is tempting to attribute the movement from documentation to information science as being one of status seeking, that is, adopting the term information to align preexisting bodies of work under the documentation label with emergent and highly prestigious research focused on information (Spang-Hanssen 1970/2001).…”

Section: What Will Be the Focal Points Around Which "Data Science" An...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Data Science as an Interdiscipline: Historical Parallels from Information Science

Mayernik

2023

Data Science Journal

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Considerable debate exists today on almost every facet of what data science entails. Almost all commentators agree, however, that data science must be characterized as having an interdisciplinary or metadisciplinary nature. There is interest from many stakeholders in formalizing the emerging discipline of data science by defining boundaries and core concepts for the field. This paper presents a comparison between the data science of today and the development and evolution of information science over the past century.Data science and information science present a number of similarities: diverse participants and institutions, contested disciplinary boundaries, and diffuse core concepts. This comparison is used to discuss three questions about data science going forward: (1) What will be the focal points around which data science and its stakeholders coalesce? (2) Can data science stakeholders use the lack of disciplinary clarity as a strength? (3) Can data science feed into an "empowering profession"? The historical comparison to information science suggests that the boundaries of data science will be a source of contestation and debate for the foreseeable future. Stakeholders face many questions as data science evolves with the inevitable societal and technological changes of the next few decades.

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“…Scholarship in the history of science and history of technology also point to the importance of local conditions and a variety of social and cultural factors shaping the development, diffusion and adoption of information technologies (Mahoney, 1988;Misa, 2007;Aspray and Ceruzzi, 2008;Geoghegan, 2008;Mahoney, 2011). One published book by James Cortada, The Digital Flood, has nicely captured and summarized both micro-and macro-level insights that illuminate the socio-technical character that comprises the diffusion and adoption of computing in global and specific national contexts.…”

Section: It: New Insights From Micro-and Macro-level Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Revolution versus evolution?: Understanding scientific and technological diffusion in synthetic biology and their implications for biosecurity policies

Vogel

2014

BioSocieties

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Synthetic biology enthusiasts often tout the emerging field for its present and future potential to revolutionize the life sciences. In the biosecurity arena, which has received considerable government and non-government attention, many are concerned that synthetic biology may prove to be an easier and cheaper way to conduct bioterrorism. To evaluate these claims, this article will focus on contrasting two different frameworks that have been used for understanding the development, diffusion and adoption of synthetic biology. In contrasting these frameworks, I will draw on examples from biotechnology and information technology because they are often used as analogies in synthetic biology discussions. I conclude that the critical elements for successful development, transfer, and use of synthetic biology methodologies and tools for harm are not purely material or technical, but involve important social dimensions that underpin technical work, requiring time, teams of experts, appropriate political, legal, and funding structures, and the development of new (still unknown) techno-organizational processes. To date, there have been few studies that have explored these socio-technical mechanisms of synthetic biology diffusion through in-depth examination at a micro and macro level. However, by having a more nuanced understanding of various synthetic biology approaches and how they are (or are not) able to travel easily to new settings, one can create a more refined spectrum of factors shaping threats from state and non-state actors related to synthetic biology. This article ends by outlining new research agendas important to support and pursue in order to improve biosecurity policymaking.

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Historiographic Conceptualization of Information: A Critical Survey

Cited by 22 publications

References 17 publications

Considering distance measures in Statistics

Considering distance measures in Statistics

Data Science as an Interdiscipline: Historical Parallels from Information Science

Revolution versus evolution?: Understanding scientific and technological diffusion in synthetic biology and their implications for biosecurity policies

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