Historical volcanism and within-island genetic divergence in the Tenerife skink (Chalcides viridanus)

Brown, Richard P.; Woods, Matthew; Thorpe, Roger S.

doi:10.1093/biolinnean/blx044

Cited by 8 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…Associations between habitat type and lineage divergence were also reported in reed frogs (Bell & Irian, 2019) and fruit flies (Coyne et al, 2002; Matute & Coyne, 2010) on São Tomé, suggesting that this pattern may be widespread across a variety of organisms on the island, although the specific mechanisms of local adaptation are likely to differ between fossorial versus surface‐dwelling taxa. These observations may be somewhat confounded by the strong correlation between geography and environmental variation on São Tomé; however, similar associations have also been documented in organisms from other small volcanic islands including lizards from the Canary Islands (Brown et al, 2017; Gübitz et al, 2005; Pestano & Brown, 1999; Suárez et al, 2014) and birds from Réunion (Gabrielli et al, 2020). Studies of climate‐dependent competitive outcomes (e.g., Comeault & Matute, 2021) and functional genomic variation (e.g., Brown et al, 2016) may provide deeper insights as to the relative contributions of geographic barriers and environmental variation to lineage diversification on small (<2500 km 2 ) oceanic islands.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Speciation and secondary contact in a fossorial island endemic, the São Tomé caecilian

et al. 2021

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A period of isolation in allopatry typically precedes local adaptation and subsequent divergence among lineages. Alternatively, locally adapted phenotypes may arise and persist in the face of gene flow, resulting in strong correlations between ecologically‐relevant phenotypic variation and corresponding environmental gradients. Quantifying genetic, ecological, and phenotypic divergence in such lineages can provide insights into the abiotic and biotic mechanisms that structure populations and drive the accumulation of phenotypic and taxonomic diversity. Low‐vagility organisms whose distributions span ephemeral geographic barriers present the ideal evolutionary context within which to address these questions. Here, we combine genetic (mtDNA and genome‐wide SNPs) and phenotypic data to investigate the divergence history of caecilians (Amphibia: Gymnophiona) endemic to the oceanic island of São Tomé in the Gulf of Guinea archipelago. Consistent with a previous mtDNA study, we find two phenotypically and genetically distinct lineages that occur along a north‐to‐south axis with extensive admixture in the centre of the island. Demographic modelling supports divergence in allopatry (~300 kya) followed by secondary contact (~95 kya). Consequently, in contrast to a morphological study that interpreted latitudinal phenotypic variation in these caecilians as a cline within a single widespread species, our analyses suggest a history of allopatric lineage divergence and subsequent hybridization that may have blurred species boundaries. We propose that late Pleistocene volcanic activity favoured allopatric divergence between these lineages with local adaptation to climate maintaining a stable hybrid zone in the centre of São Tomé Island. Our study joins a growing number of systems demonstrating lineage divergence on volcanic islands with stark environmental transitions across small geographic distances.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Speciation and secondary contact in a fossorial island endemic, the São Tomé caecilian

et al. 2021

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“…Populations inhabiting these three large islands form three separate clades, with lizards from El Hierro and Gomera probably being sister groups (Brown & Pestano, 1998). The population from Tenerife is not homogenous and exhibits substantial divergence in mitochondrial DNA sequences, resulting in several geographical clusters (Brown, Campos-Delgado & Pestano, 2000; Brown, Woods & Thorpe, 2017). However, nuclear DNA shows only shallow divergences and a weak geographical pattern (Brown, Woods & Thorpe, 2017).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The population from Tenerife is not homogenous and exhibits substantial divergence in mitochondrial DNA sequences, resulting in several geographical clusters (Brown, Campos-Delgado & Pestano, 2000; Brown, Woods & Thorpe, 2017). However, nuclear DNA shows only shallow divergences and a weak geographical pattern (Brown, Woods & Thorpe, 2017). Recently, J. Mateo (cited by Miras, Pérez-Mellado & Martínez-Solano (2009)) suggested that Chalcides viridanus probably represents a species complex and should possibly be split.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tracking down the lizards from Gravenhorst's collection at the University of Wrocław: type specimens ofCallopistes maculatusGravenhorst, 1838 and threeLiolaemusspecies rediscovered

Borczyk

Skawiński

2019

PeerJ

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Johann Ludwig Christian Gravenhorst’s herpetological collection at the Museum of Natural History, University of Wrocław included numerous important specimens of amphibians and reptiles. The majority, if not the entirety, of this collection has long been thought to be lost. However, we were able to rediscover some type specimens of lizards. The rediscovered specimens include the holotypes ofLiolaemus conspersusandL. hieroglyphicus, one syntype ofCallopistes maculatus(here designated as the lectotype) and two syntypes ofL. lineatus(one of which is herein designated as the lectotype). Reexamination of these specimens indicates that previous synonymies proposed forL. conspersusand two syntypes ofL. hieroglyphicusare problematic; furthermore, more complex taxonomic work is needed to resolve this issue. Two rediscovered syntypes ofL. lineatusdiffer in several scalation traits and are possibly not conspecific. The type specimens of several other species of lizards from Gravenhorst’s collection (Liolaemus marmoratus,L. unicolorand two other syntypes ofL. lineatus,Leiocephalus schreibersiiandChalcides viridanus) were not found and are probably lost.

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“…The population from Tenerife is not homogenous and exhibits substantial divergence in mitochondrial DNA sequences, resulting in several geographical clusters (Brown, Campos-Delgado & Pestano, 2000;Brown, Woods & Thorpe, 2017). However, nuclear DNA shows only shallow divergences and a weak geographical pattern (Brown, Woods & Thorpe, 2017). Recently, J. Mateo (cited by Miras, Pérez-Mellado & Martínez-Solano, 2009) suggested that C. viridanus probably represents a species complex and should possibly be split.…”

Section: Liolaemus Unicolor Gravenhorst 1838mentioning

confidence: 99%

Peer Review #1 of "Tracking down the lizards from Gravenhorst's collection at the University of Wrocław: type specimens of Callopistes maculatus Gravenhorst, 1838 and three Liolaemus species rediscovered (v0.2)"

Troncoso-Palacios¹

2019

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Christian Gravenhorst's herpetological collection at the Museum of Natural History, University of Wrocław included numerous important specimens of amphibians and reptiles. The majority, if not the entirety, of this collection has long been thought to be lost. However, we were able to rediscover some type specimens of lizards. The rediscovered specimens include the holotypes of Liolaemus conspersus and L. hieroglyphicus, and syntypes of Callopistes maculatus (here designated as the lectotype) and L. lineatus (one of which is herein designated as the lectotype). Reexamination of these specimens indicates that previous synonymies proposed for L. conspersus and L. hieroglyphicus are problematic; furthermore, more complex taxonomic work is needed to resolve this issue. Two rediscovered syntypes of L. lineatus differ in several scalation traits and are probably not conspecific. The type specimens of several other species of lizards from Gravenhorst's collection (Liolaemus marmoratus, L. unicolor and two other syntypes of L. lineatus, Leiocephalus schreibersii and Chalcides viridanus) were not found and are probably lost.

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Historical volcanism and within-island genetic divergence in the Tenerife skink (Chalcides viridanus)

Cited by 8 publications

References 46 publications

Speciation and secondary contact in a fossorial island endemic, the São Tomé caecilian

Speciation and secondary contact in a fossorial island endemic, the São Tomé caecilian

Tracking down the lizards from Gravenhorst's collection at the University of Wrocław: type specimens ofCallopistes maculatusGravenhorst, 1838 and threeLiolaemusspecies rediscovered

Peer Review #1 of "Tracking down the lizards from Gravenhorst's collection at the University of Wrocław: type specimens of Callopistes maculatus Gravenhorst, 1838 and three Liolaemus species rediscovered (v0.2)"

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