Historical review of personnel dosimetry development and its use in radiation protection programs at Hanford 1944 to the 1980s

Wilson, Robert H.

doi:10.2172/6696446

Cited by 15 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…During the past several years, historical personnel dosimetry practices at Hanford have been documented in several technical reports (Wilson 1987, Wilson et al 1990. This documentation provides I a detailed history of the technology, radiation fields, and administrative practices used to measure and record dose for Hanford workers.…”

Section: Executive Summarymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Reports by Wilson (1987) and Wilson et al (1990) describe Hanford personnel dosimetry systems and practices. These reports provide a general review of Hanford neutron dosimetry practices and detailed specifications of the respective dosimeters.…”

Section: History Of Hanford Personnel Neutron Dosimetry Practicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…General features of these dosimeters are described in the report by Wilson (1987). A description of Hanford practices to process, calibrate, and calculate neutron dose for NTA film and TLDs is provided in the following sections.…”

Section: Hanford Personnel Neutron Dosimetrymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Calibration source changed to positive ion accelerator (a) Adopted from Wilson 1987. energy increases, the cross-section decreases but the average range of the recoil protons increases. The overall effect is that NTA film is more sensitive to higher energy neutrons.…”

Section: Revised Deep Dosementioning

confidence: 99%

“…A glossary has been included to assist the reader (see Section 9.0). Previously, a description of overall personnel dosimetry practices since the inception of Hanford operations was described by Wilson (1987), and an evaluation of these practices provided by Wilson et al (1990). More recently, an assessment of the accuracy and bias of Hanford personnel dosimetry systems for higher energy photon radiation was provided by Fix et al (1994).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Retrospective assessment of personnel neutron dosimetry for workers at the Hanford Site

Fix¹,

Wilson²,

Baumgartner³

1996

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DISCLAIMERThis report was prepared as an account of work sponsored by a n agency of the United States Government. Neither the United States Government nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, make any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference . Executive SummaryThis report was prepared to examine the specific issue of the potential for unrecorded neutron dose for Hanford workers, particularly in comparison with the recorded whole body (neutron plus photon) dose. During the past several years, historical personnel dosimetry practices at Hanford have been documented in several technical reports (Wilson 1987, Wilson et al. 1990. This documentation provides I a detailed history of the technology, radiation fields, and administrative practices used to measure and record dose for Hanford workers. Importantly, documentation has been prepared by personnel whose collective experience spans nearly the entire history of Hanford operations beginning in the mid-1940s. Evaluations of selected Hanford radiation dose records have been conducted dong with statistical profiles of the recorded dose data. The history of Hanford personnel dosimetry is complex, spanning substantial evolution in radiation protection technology, concepts, and standards.Epidemiologic assessments of Hakord worker mortality and radiation dose data were initiated in the early 1960s. In recent years, Hanford data have been incl-uded in combined analyses of worker cohorts 'fiom several Department of Energy (DOE) sites and fiom several countries through the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC). Hanford data have also been included in the DOE Comprehensive Epidemiologic Data Resource (CEDR). In the analysis of Hanford, and other site data, the question of comparability of recorded dose through time and across the respective sites has arisen. DOE formed a dosimetry working group composed of dosimetrists A d epidemiologists to evaluate data and documentation requirements of CEDR. This working group included in its recommendations the high priority for documentation of site-specific radiation dosimetry practices used to measure and record worker dose by the respective DOE sites. IARC formed a dosimetry subcommittee to evaluate comparability of radiation dose data among participants in their study.Based on previous published assessments by the authors of this report (Wilson et al. 1990) the evaluations associated w i t h the epidemiologic studies have shown recorded occupational whole body dose for Hanford to be comparable with the currently accepted deep (i.e., 1 cm in tissue) dose and with the recorded dose for other participants involved in these studies, with notable exceptions of exposure to I) low-energy photons, 2) neutrons, and 3) internal contaminants other than tritium. This is attributable to site-specific...

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Section: Executive Summarymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: History Of Hanford Personnel Neutron Dosimetry Practicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Hanford Personnel Neutron Dosimetrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Revised Deep Dosementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Retrospective assessment of personnel neutron dosimetry for workers at the Hanford Site

Fix¹,

Wilson²,

Baumgartner³

1996

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Evidence of biased recording of radiation doses of hanford workers

Kneale

Sorahan

Stewart

1991

American J Industrial Med

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Four-decade follow-up of a plutonium-contaminated puncture wound treated with Ca-DTPA

Avtandilashvili

Tolmachev

2021

J. Radiol. Prot.

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Contaminated wounds are a common route of internal deposition of radionuclides for nuclear and radiation workers. They may result in significant doses to radiosensitive organs and tissues in an exposed individual’s body. The United States Transuranium and Uranium Registries’ whole-body donor (Case 0303) accidentally punctured his finger on equipment contaminated with plutonium nitrate. The wound was surgically excised and medically treated with intravenous injections of Ca-DTPA. A total of 16 g Ca-DTPA was administered in 18 treatments during the 2 months following the accident. Ninety-three urine samples were collected and analysed over 14 years following the accident. An estimated 239Pu activity of 73.7 Bq was excreted during Ca-DTPA treatment. Post-mortem radiochemical analysis of autopsy tissues indicated that 40 years post-accident 21.6 ± 0.2 Bq of 239Pu was retained in the skeleton, 12.2 ± 0.3 Bq in the liver, and 3.7 ± 0.1 Bq in other soft tissues; 1.35 ± 0.02 Bq of 239Pu was measured in tissue samples from the wound site. To estimate the plutonium intake, late urine measurements, which were unaffected by chelation, and post-mortem radiochemical analysis results were evaluated using the IMBA Professional Plus software. The application of the National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements wound model with an assumption of intake material as a predominantly strongly retained soluble plutonium compound with a small insoluble fraction adequately described the data (p = 0.46). The effective intake was estimated to be 50.2 Bq of plutonium nitrate and 1.5 Bq of the fragment. The prompt medical intervention with contaminated tissue excision and subsequent Ca-DTPA decorporation therapy reduced 239Pu activity available for uptake and long-term retention in this individual’s systemic organs by a factor of 38.

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Historical review of personnel dosimetry development and its use in radiation protection programs at Hanford 1944 to the 1980s

Abstract: Recruiting qualified technical personnel was difficult during World War II, but personnel were found and trained for this specialized work by the time production operations began at HEW. Table 1.4 shows the growth of the Medical Department and the HI Section.

Cited by 15 publications

References 22 publications

Retrospective assessment of personnel neutron dosimetry for workers at the Hanford Site

Retrospective assessment of personnel neutron dosimetry for workers at the Hanford Site

Evidence of biased recording of radiation doses of hanford workers

Four-decade follow-up of a plutonium-contaminated puncture wound treated with Ca-DTPA

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