Historical picture of development of Bronze Age cultures in Vojvodina

Tasic, Nikola

doi:10.2298/sta0454023t

Cited by 8 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…It is expected that significant differences in upper limb asymmetry and variability will be found between the Early/Middle Neolithic and Early/Middle Bronze Age groups, associated with greater agricultural efficiency, the expansion of mining and copper and bronze metallurgy, the manufacture and production of metal objects and other crafts, and the increased task specialization that accompanied these changes. Given the considerable overlap of bronze and iron production in Central Europe [90] , [95] , reduced temporal change in humeral asymmetry between the Early/Middle Bronze Age and Iron Age groups is expected.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Divergence in Male and Female Manipulative Behaviors with the Intensification of Metallurgy in Central Europe

2014

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Humeral morphology has been shown to reflect, in part, habitual manipulative behaviors in humans. Among Central European agricultural populations, long-term social change, increasing task specialization, and technological innovation all had the potential to impact patterns of habitual activity and upper limb asymmetry. However, systematic temporal change in the skeletal morphology of agricultural populations in this region has not been well-characterized. This study investigates diachronic patterns in humeral biomechanical properties and lengths among 174 adult Central European agriculturalists through the first ∼5400 years of farming in the region. Greater asymmetry in biomechanical properties was expected to accompany the introduction of metallurgy, particularly in males, while upper limb loading patterns were expected to be more similar between the Bronze and Iron Ages. Results revealed a divergence in the lateralization of upper limb biomechanical properties by sex between the Early/Middle Neolithic and Early/Middle Bronze Age. Neolithic females had significantly more variable properties than males in both humeri, while Bronze Age female properties became homogeneous and very symmetrical relative to the right-biased lateralization of contemporaneous males. The Bronze Age to Iron Age transition was associated with morphological change among females, with a significant increase in right-biased asymmetry and a concomitant reduction in sexual dimorphism. Relative to biomechanical properties, humeral length variation and asymmetry were low though some significant sexual dimorphism and temporal change was found. It was among females that the lateralization of humeral biomechanical properties, and variation within them, changed most profoundly through time. This suggests that the introduction of the ard and plow, metallurgical innovation, task specialization, and socioeconomic change through ∼5400 years of agriculture impacted upper limb loading in Central European women to a greater extent than men.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Divergence in Male and Female Manipulative Behaviors with the Intensification of Metallurgy in Central Europe

2014

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“…An influx of genetically different populations could clearly be contributing to divergence in the body size of Central and Southeast European populations in the Bronze Age. In addition, the gateway position of Vojvodina between influences from both central and southeastern Europe encouraged cultural mixing [ 188 – 189 ], and the genetic diversity of its inhabitants may have been impacted in different ways than the inhabitants of Central Europe.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early Life Conditions and Physiological Stress following the Transition to Farming in Central/Southeast Europe: Skeletal Growth Impairment and 6000 Years of Gradual Recovery

2016

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Early life conditions play an important role in determining adult body size. In particular, childhood malnutrition and disease can elicit growth delays and affect adult body size if severe or prolonged enough. In the earliest stages of farming, skeletal growth impairment and small adult body size are often documented relative to hunter-gatherer groups, though this pattern is regionally variable. In Central/Southeast Europe, it is unclear how early life stress, growth history, and adult body size were impacted by the introduction of agriculture and ensuing long-term demographic, social, and behavioral change. The current study assesses this impact through the reconstruction and analysis of mean stature, body mass, limb proportion indices, and sexual dimorphism among 407 skeletally mature men and women from foraging and farming populations spanning the Late Mesolithic through Early Medieval periods in Central/Southeast Europe (~7100 calBC to 850 AD). Results document significantly reduced mean stature, body mass, and crural index in Neolithic agriculturalists relative both to Late Mesolithic hunter-gatherer-fishers and to later farming populations. This indication of relative growth impairment in the Neolithic, particularly among women, is supported by existing evidence of high developmental stress, intensive physical activity, and variable access to animal protein in these early agricultural populations. Among subsequent agriculturalists, temporal increases in mean stature, body mass, and crural index were more pronounced among Central European women, driving declines in the magnitude of sexual dimorphism through time. Overall, results suggest that the transition to agriculture in Central/Southeast Europe was challenging for early farming populations, but was followed by gradual amelioration across thousands of years, particularly among Central European women. This sex difference may be indicative, in part, of greater temporal variation in the social status afforded to young girls, in their access to resources during growth, and/or in their health status than was experienced by men.

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“…3). The recent Eneolithic chronological synthesis of the Lower Mures ¸Basin by Sava (2015) includes the cultures of Romania, Hungary, and Serbia, and has been adopted herein, supplemented by P atroi (2013) for the S alcut¸a culture, and Filipovi c (2013), Kalafati c (2006), andTasi c (2003) for subdivisions of the Bronze Age in Serbia. This chronological framework is summarized in Fig.…”

Section: Late Eneolithic and Early Bronze Age Cultures Of The Central...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1) for approximately 1500 years (Jovanovi c, 2009;Sava, 2015). However, copper metallurgy ceased, or dramatically decreased, in the mountains of southern Serbia and the adjacent Pannonian Plain (Vojvodina, Hungarian Plain, Romanian Banat) in the mid-fourth millennium (Sava, 2015), centuries before the Bronze Age began (O'Brien, 2014;Sherratt, 1997;Spasi c, 2010;Tasi c, 2003) (Fig. 2).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Digging deeper: Insights into metallurgical transitions in European prehistory through copper isotopes

Powell

Mathur

Bankoff

et al. 2017

Journal of Archaeological Science

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Historical picture of development of Bronze Age cultures in Vojvodina

Cited by 8 publications

References 0 publications

Divergence in Male and Female Manipulative Behaviors with the Intensification of Metallurgy in Central Europe

Divergence in Male and Female Manipulative Behaviors with the Intensification of Metallurgy in Central Europe

Early Life Conditions and Physiological Stress following the Transition to Farming in Central/Southeast Europe: Skeletal Growth Impairment and 6000 Years of Gradual Recovery

Digging deeper: Insights into metallurgical transitions in European prehistory through copper isotopes

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