Historical perspective on lead biokinetic models.

Rabinowitz, Michael

doi:10.1289/ehp.98106s61461

Cited by 19 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 41 publications

(24 reference statements)

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“…More lead was excreted in the faeces (35%) than in the urine (15%) (Castellino and Aloij, 1969). Blood lead concentrations were more stable than those in urine (Rabinowitz, 1998).…”

Section: Quantity Of Lead In Faecesmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Blood becomes a matrix with the highest concentration of lead. On the contrary, Rabinowitz (1998) showed that only 10 mg of 60 mg absorbed lead would remain in the blood, the other 50 mg was thought to be elsewhere in the body, only to leave slowly over a period of many months.…”

Section: Blood Lead Quantitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Chun-yan et al (2011) exposed male mice to lead nitrate solution (0.1mg/ml). The resulting data showed that 98% of lead exposed in blood was accumulated in red blood cells (Rabinowitz, 1998).…”

Section: Blood Lead Quantitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Protection against lead contamination by strains of lactic acid bacteria from<br>fermented camel milk

Akhmetsadykova¹,

Konuspayeva²,

Loiseau³

et al. 2013

Emir. J. Food Agric

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The effectiveness of the fermented milk product for decreasing the absorption of Lead (Pb) in vivo by testing several combinations of different strains and individual strains of LAB isolated from camel milk and shubat (fermented camel milk) was determined. During 4 weeks 0.5 ppm of Pb was given to cavies in fermented milk product and water. Control group and groups treated only by fermented milk products, also, were observed. Faeces, Blood, Heart, Lungs, Liver, Kidneys, and Spleen were analyzed. The lead concentrations in faeces of Control group and lead nitrate treated group were nearly the same. The quantity of Pb in faeces of fermented milk treated groups was higher than in Control and Water Pb groups. In the different cavies' organs of Water Pb group, the higher concentration of heavy metal (ppm) was observed in spleen (1.04), heart (0.65), kidneys (0.58), and blood (0.46) to be compared to 0.82, 0.2, 0.58 and 0.31 respectively in control group. In groups treated with fermented milk without/with Pb, the lead concentration decreased in target organs. Quantity of lead in blood samples of Control group and groups treated fermented milk products without/with Pb is nearly same. Highest concentration of blood Pb was observed for Water Pb group.

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“…More lead was excreted in the faeces (35%) than in the urine (15%) (Castellino and Aloij, 1969). Blood lead concentrations were more stable than those in urine (Rabinowitz, 1998).…”

Section: Quantity Of Lead In Faecesmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Blood Lead Quantitymentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Protection against lead contamination by strains of lactic acid bacteria from<br>fermented camel milk

Akhmetsadykova¹,

Konuspayeva²,

Loiseau³

et al. 2013

Emir. J. Food Agric

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Given the low mean bone turnover rates in adults (2-4% in persons ≥ 30 years of age), bone lead stores in adults represent years of accumulated exposure (Rabinowitz 1991). Consequently, skeletal sources of lead could be responsible for elevated blood lead (PbB) levels, even when lead exposure ended years ago (Rabinowitz 1998). In contrast to bone lead stores, lead in the circulation is not only an indicator of past exposure as lead is released from bone but of current environmental exposure as well (Hu et al 1998).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The relationship between blood lead levels and periodontal bone loss in the United States, 1988-1994.

Dye

Hirsch

Brody

2002

Environ Health Perspect

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An association between bone disease and bone lead has been reported. Studies have suggested that lead stored in bone may adversely affect bone mineral metabolism and blood lead (PbB) levels. However, the relationship between PbB levels and bone loss attributed to periodontal disease has never been reported. In this study we examined the relationship between clinical parameters that characterize bone loss due to periodontal disease and PbB levels in the U.S. population. We used data from the Third National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey (NHANES III), 1988-1994, for the analyses. A total of 10,033 participants 20-69 years of age who completed a periodontal examination and had whole blood tested for lead were examined. Four types of periodontal disease measures were used to indicate oral bone loss: periodontal pocket depth, attachment loss extent, attachment loss severity, and the presence of dental furcations. We found that dental furcations were the best periodontal bone loss indicator for PbB levels (p = 0.005) in a multivariate linear regression model adjusting for sex, age, race/ethnicity, educational attainment, poverty status, smoking, and age of home. Furthermore, after additional modeling, we found a smoking and dental furcation interaction (p = 0.034). Subsequent stratified analyses indicated that current and past smoking is an effect modifier for dental furcations on PbB levels. These findings indicate that increased PbB levels may be associated with advanced periodontal bone loss, particularly among people with a history of smoking.

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“…Lead is ingested into the body in various ways including contaminated air, water, food, soil, and other consumer products [19]. After ingestion, blood takes the lead into the body and then transports it to other tissues and the bones [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Propagation of lead in the human body

Morrissey¹

2017

SIURO

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Abstract. Lead is a toxin that has well known side effects including fatigue, muscle pain, impaired kidney function, lower IQs for children, and brittle bones. Lead can be absorbed into the body through paint, air, water, and various other consumer products. Once ingested, blood transports lead throughout the body. The vast majority of lead absorbed in the body accumulates in the bone. Here we explore a three-compartment nonlinear ODE model for lead in blood, cortical bone, and trabecular bone. Thereafter, we compare the ODE results with a PDE model in which it is assumed that lead slowly diffuses through the bone. Numerical solutions of the model ODE equations suggest that in order to have results which are consistent with experimental data, one should assume nonlinear interactions between the blood and cortical bone, but linear interactions between the blood and trabecular bone. On the other hand, we find that the PDE model we use does not provide for a good comparison with the data. We briefly touch upon some possible reasons for this discrepancy, and ways in which the model could be improved.

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Historical perspective on lead biokinetic models.

Cited by 19 publications

References 41 publications

Protection against lead contamination by strains of lactic acid bacteria from<br>fermented camel milk

Protection against lead contamination by strains of lactic acid bacteria from<br>fermented camel milk

The relationship between blood lead levels and periodontal bone loss in the United States, 1988-1994.

Propagation of lead in the human body

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