Historical Changes in the Severity of Dementia and Accompanying Neuropsychiatric Symptoms in Persons Presenting for Evaluation in a Multiracial Urban Dementia Center

Abstract

Over the period 1992 to 2008, patients were increasingly more likely to present with early stages of dementia and fewer symptoms of psychoses and agitation, and racial differences in illness severity and neuropsychiatric symptoms disappeared. If our sample reflects trends in the United States, then it suggests that more persons will be in care for longer periods of time, previous research findings derived from dementia centers must be considered historically specific, and clinicians must be prepared to work with persons with milder forms of neurocognitive disorders.

Terminology and assessment tools of psychosis: A systematic narrative review

“…Instead of an explicit definition, authors often defined the term using examples. Psychotic symptoms are most frequently hallucinations and delusions or more specifically, auditory hallucinations and delusions . Others only directly referred to delusions or hallucinations .…”

“…Psychotic symptoms are within the general population, 92,95,101,108,181,204,205 on a continuum, 204,205 and risk factors for developing psychotic disorders. 95,101 Psychotic symptoms are also symptoms of psychopathological states such as psychosis and psychotic disorders, 98,105,[111][112][113]115,127,138,145,146,149,154,156,162,164,167,169,174,177,179,184,188,189,[191][192][193][196][197][198] dementia, 103,107,116,117,125,135,137,139,140,…”

Organization of out-patient psychiatric care in dementia and cognitive impairment. Part I: Memory clinics and Alzheimer's disease centers

“…Установлено, что средние значения показателя MMSE, свидетельствующие об уровне когнитивного функционирования, растут с каждым календарным годом (с 15,6 в 1992 г. до 20,1 в 2004 г. ), что говорит об обращении больных на более ранних стадиях деменции [49]. В то же время доля диагнозов деменции в клиниках памяти уменьшилась с 85 до 59% за счет увеличения обращений с мягким когнитивным снижением или только c жалобами на снижение памяти.…”

“…При изучении [49] изменений показателей тяжести деменции за 17 лет в период с 1992 по 2008 г. при обращении 777 пациентов в городской центр деменции ADAC в Нью-Йорке, единственный на 2,6 млн жителей, сравнивали три периода: 1992-1996; 1997-2002; 2003-2008 гг. Диагностическое распределение оказалось следующим: БА -в 73% случаев, сосудистая деменция -в 13%, мягкое конитивное снижение -в 2%, другие деменции -в 4%.…”

The knowledge and skills assessment (KASA) tool in the Australian Dementia Behaviour Management Advisory Service: development and initial testing

“…Providing assistance to carers is essential as BPSD are highly prevalent in people with dementia (Tampi et al , 2011). In fact, BPSD have been found to occur in up to 60% of people with dementia in the community (Cohen et al , 2012) and up to 90% of people with dementia living in residential aged care (Cerejeira et al , 2012).…”