Historical and Recent Environmental Changes of the Ombrone Delta (Southern Italy)

Tarragoni, Claudia; Bellotti, Piero; Davoli, Lina; Petronio, B.M.; Pietroletti, Marco

doi:10.2112/si61-001.36

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Forest cover decreased contemporary to the reduction of the wetlands and the expansion of agrarian systems. Similarly to other deltas of the Tyrrhenian coast [113,114] from the Roman period, progradational and erosive phases followed one another, and currently the delta cusp is missing.…”

Section: Diachronic Physical Landscape Changementioning

confidence: 88%

Natural and Cultural Lost Landscape during the Holocene along the Central Tyrrhenian Coast (Italy)

D’Orefice

Bellotti²,

Bellotti³

et al. 2022

Land

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Landscape evolution over the last 8000 years in three areas located along Tuscany, Latium, and Campania coasts (central Tyrrhenian) has been deduced through a morphological, stratigraphical, and historical approach considering the physical evolution and human activity. Between 8000 and 6000 yr BP, the Sea Level Rise (SLR) dominated and, near the river mouths, inlets occurred. In the Tuscany area, Mt. Argentario was an island and to SE of the Ansedonia promontory a lagoon occurred. The areas were covered by a dense forest and the human influence was negligible. Between 6000 and 4000 yr BP, humans organized settlements and activities, and a general coastline progradation occurred. A tombolo linked Mt. Argentario to the mainland. In the Tiber and Campania areas, coastal lakes and a strand plain developed. Between 4000 and 3000 yr BP, near Mt. Argentario, two tombolos enclosed a wide lagoon. At the SE of the Ansedonia promontory, the lagoon split into smaller water bodies. In the Tiber and Campania areas, delta cusps developed. The anthropogenic presence was widespread and forests decreased. During the last 3000 years, anthropic forcing increased when the Etruscans and Romans changed the territory through towns, salt pans, and ports. After the Roman period, natural forcing returned to dominate until the birth of the Italian State and technological evolution.

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Section: Diachronic Physical Landscape Changementioning

confidence: 88%

Natural and Cultural Lost Landscape during the Holocene along the Central Tyrrhenian Coast (Italy)

D’Orefice

Bellotti²,

Bellotti³

et al. 2022

Land

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show abstract

“…Forest cover decreased contemporary to the reduction in the wetlands and the expansion of agrarian systems. Based on the historical map and the similarity with other wave-dominated deltas on the Tyrrhenian coast (Tarragoni et al, 2011, 2015), it is argued that the origin of the most recent cusp, although triggered during Roman times, developed mainly during the 15th–19th centuries, that is, at the beginning of the new erosional phase.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Middle-to late-Holocene environmental changes in the Garigliano delta plain (Central Italy): which landscape witnessed the development of the Minturnae Roman colony?

et al. 2016

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Geomorphologic, stratigraphic, faunistic, palynological and 14C analyses were carried out in the area of the mouth of the Garigliano River characterized by two strand plains that are referred to the Eutyrrhenian and the Holocene, rimming two depressed zones separated by the Garigliano River channel.\ud This study depicts the palaeoenvironmental evolution over the last 8200 years and the landscape context at the time of Minturnae Roman colony. Between 8200 and 7500 yr BP, a wet zone occurred in the northern zone, whereas in the southern part, a lagoon developed. During the final transgression stage and the beginning of the sea level still stand (7500–5500 yr BP), a freshwater marsh formed in the northern zone, and the width of the southern lagoon decreased. Between 5500 and 3000 yr BP, the coastal barrier changed into a delta cusp, a freshwater marsh also appeared in the southern part and the river wandered between the twin marshes. Because of local uplift, previously unknown in this area, part of the floor of the southern marsh emerged, and\ud after 4000 yr BP, both marshes became coastal ponds with prevailing clastic sedimentation. A progressive increment in anthropic forcing on the land took place after 3000 yr BP. The Marica sanctuary was built (7th century BC), and the Roman colony of Minturnae was developed beginning the 3rd century BC. The shallow depth of the ponds prevented their use as harbours, and saltwork plants can be ruled out based on the faunal and palynological data. The ongoing infilling of both ponds was never completed, and their reclamation is still in progress

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“…The river and larger channels built in the past to reclaim land contain fresh water throughout the year, whereas the network of secondary channels can experience desiccation during summer. Owing to a strong erosion process, the advancing sea has caused marine water intrusion into coastal groundwater and has invaded the surface of vast areas bordering the river mouth (Colombini & Chelazzi, 2010; Tarragoni et al, 2011). Thus, seawater tends to mix more or less with the fresh water in the river and channels according to the river flow rate, rain, and the conditions of the sea.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pushed to the edge: Environmental factors drive ecological responses of Aphanius fasciatus when in sympatry with invasive Gambusia holbrooki

Monti

Marcelli²,

Fastelli³

et al. 2021

Aquatic Conservation

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Interspecific competition may be particularly exacerbated when occurring between native and invasive alien species, with environmental conditions affecting drivers of natural selection and shaping spatio‐temporal dynamics of animal communities. The effects of invaders are particularly evident in aquatic ecosystems with delicate and complex balances, such as Mediterranean coastal wetlands, characterized by unpredictable water flows and variable reserves. Understanding how native species respond to human‐induced biological invasions is of paramount importance for planning management measures aiming at conservation purposes. This study investigated whether the occurrence of a competing invader species resulted in changes in the ecological adaptations of a native species by comparing two coastal wetland fish species: the invasive eastern mosquitofish Gambusia holbrooki and the native Mediterranean killifish Aphanius fasciatus of conservation concern. The hypothesis was tested by sampling fishes at a coastal Ramsar site in central Italy, over 2 years. Generalized linear mixed models were used to examine the occurrence of killifish in relation to water parameters and the presence of its putative competitor. The aim was to determine whether salinity, temperature, and water depth influenced the presence and abundance of killifish when in sympatry with mosquitofish. Both the probability of presence and abundance of killifish increased with water salinity, but this increase was stronger when mosquitofish was present. Increasing water temperature and water depth were associated with a higher probability of presence and abundance of killifish respectively, although the effect of water depth was small. Both salinity and the presence of the invader acted synergistically in characterizing and shaping the population structure of the native species. Living in the most extreme and stressed environments, the killifish is potentially at higher risk of extinction. These results highlight the importance of considering the interplay between multiple abiotic stressors combined with comparative data between invasive and native species as increasingly critical to aid in conservation efforts.

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Historical and Recent Environmental Changes of the Ombrone Delta (Southern Italy)

Cited by 10 publications

References 3 publications

Natural and Cultural Lost Landscape during the Holocene along the Central Tyrrhenian Coast (Italy)

Natural and Cultural Lost Landscape during the Holocene along the Central Tyrrhenian Coast (Italy)

Middle-to late-Holocene environmental changes in the Garigliano delta plain (Central Italy): which landscape witnessed the development of the Minturnae Roman colony?

Pushed to the edge: Environmental factors drive ecological responses of Aphanius fasciatus when in sympatry with invasive Gambusia holbrooki

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