Historical and Historic Sites Archaeology as Anthropology: Basic Definitions and Relationships

Schuyler, Robert Livingston

doi:10.4324/9781315224404-9

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…These sites fall under the traditional definition of protohistoric (Lightfoot and Simmons 1998), but only about half are classified as such in the CHRIS database. Schuyler (1970:85) argues that these coastal sites are “still prehistoric” and that the “intrusive artifacts” obtained from Europeans are only useful for the purposes of placing them in precontact chronologies. We contend, however, that the artifacts did not enter the sites by themselves; rather, they were chosen and brought there by Coast Miwok people engaged in culturally specific practices (Russell 2011).…”

Section: Unearthing Patterns Of Coast Miwok Presencementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bernard Fontana (1965), for example, sought to delineate the realm of what he called “historic sites archaeology.” His classification of five site categories was chronological and followed what he considered to be the “New World historical development: from Indian to non-Indian” (Table 1). Following suit, Robert Schuyler (1970:85) argued that “Indigenous sites become historic sites, and thus the subject matter of our discipline [historical archaeology], only when their basic cultural and ecological patterns have been altered by contact and when this is displayed in the archaeological data.” In both instances, the underlying assumption is that sites will include only single components, whereas the primary criterion for determining if Indigenous sites of whatever chronological age are considered historical is whether their material constituents deviated markedly from earlier patterns.…”

Section: Recording and Recognizing Post-1492 Indigenous Sitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Categorical Denial: Evaluating Post-1492 Indigenous Erasure in the Paper Trail of American Archaeology

Panich

Schneider

2019

Am. Antiq.

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To understand the implications of archaeological site recording practices and associated inventories for studying Indigenous persistence after the arrival of Europeans, we examined the documentary record associated with nearly 900 archaeological sites in Marin County, California. Beginning with the first regional surveys conducted during the early 1900s and continuing into the present, the paper trail created by archaeologists reveals an enduring emphasis on precontact materials to the exclusion of more recent patterns of Indigenous occupation and land use. In assessing sites occupied by Indigenous people from the late sixteenth through the mid-twentieth centuries, we discuss how the use of multiple lines of evidence—including temporally diagnostic artifacts, chronometric dating techniques, and historical documentation—may help illuminate subtle but widespread patterns of Native presence that have been obscured by essentialist assumptions about Indigenous culture change. Our findings further reveal the shortcomings of traditional site recording systems, in which archaeologists typically categorize sites within the prehistoric-protohistoric-historic triad on the basis of commonsense decisions that conflate chronology with identity. Instead, we argue for recording practices that focus specifically on the calendric ages of occupation for any given site.

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Section: Unearthing Patterns Of Coast Miwok Presencementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Recording and Recognizing Post-1492 Indigenous Sitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Categorical Denial: Evaluating Post-1492 Indigenous Erasure in the Paper Trail of American Archaeology

Panich

Schneider

2019

Am. Antiq.

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“…African American archaeology will partly result from the random identification of sites in the path of highways and building construction that would become the bread and butter of American archaeologists. Let it be clear that American archaeologists were almost exclusively White people who studied native "prehistory" and a growing number of historic sites (Blakey 1983(Blakey , 1990Schuyler 1971).…”

Section: Social Origins Of African American Archaeology and Africana mentioning

confidence: 99%

Archaeology under the Blinding Light of Race

Blakey¹

2020

Current Anthropology

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Racism is defined as a modern system of inequity emergent in Atlantic slavery in which "Whiteness" is born and embedded. This essay describes its transformation. The operation of racist Whiteness in current archaeology and related anthropological practices is demonstrated in the denigration and exclusion of Black voices and the denial of racism and its diverse appropriations afforded the White authorial voice. The story of New York's African Burial Ground offers a case in point.

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“…Early archaeologists used archaeology to investigate known historical events, the most famous example being Schliemann's search for Troy. However, it was not until the 1960s that historical archaeology became a distinct field of its own with the founding of the Society of Historical Archaeology in 1967 (Schuyler, 1972).…”

Section: The Field Of Historical Archaeologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Historical archaeologists' utilization of archives

Borchardt

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Until now, archival user studies focused primarily on historians and genealogists. However, other user groups use archival materials as part of their research. This thesis seeks to provide introductory research specifically examining historical archaeologists as an archival user group. To this end, a survey was conducted online to ascertain how historical archaeologists locate and use archival materials. An interview with one historical archaeologist was also conducted to corroborate the findings of the survey. The responses from these sources indicate that historical archaeologists in general have similar research concerns as historians and genealogists regarding the use and access of archival materials. These results combined with the previous user group studies suggest that archives need to increase their online presence, especially through finding aids and catalog searches. Meniketti for giving much needed advice on historical archaeologists. I also owe Supriya Wronkiewicz many thanks for being my second pair of eyes during the writing process. My husband, Josh, deserves much love and many thanks for being so supportive through the whole graduate school and thesis process. v TABLE OF CONTENTS Chapter

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Historical and Historic Sites Archaeology as Anthropology: Basic Definitions and Relationships

Cited by 7 publications

References 0 publications

Categorical Denial: Evaluating Post-1492 Indigenous Erasure in the Paper Trail of American Archaeology

Categorical Denial: Evaluating Post-1492 Indigenous Erasure in the Paper Trail of American Archaeology

Archaeology under the Blinding Light of Race

Historical archaeologists' utilization of archives

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