Historic marine invertebrate species inventory: case study of a science baseline towards establishing a marine conservation area

Sloan, N. A.; Bartier, Patrick

doi:10.1002/aqc.1019

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 76 publications

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“…This once more shows that Canadian marine invertebrate biodiversity is underestimated in the present study, as the total number of macroinvertebrate taxa enumerated in our study for the infauna and zooplankton taxa for the west coast of Canada is comparatively low with 1,122 taxa ( Table 7 ). Differences between these two numbers are explained in part by the inclusion of organisms from hard-bottom habitat and parasitic species in the former study [167] and in part by the fact that the authors of that study worked from species inventories rather than raw data, as was done in the present study. This type of calculation may also overestimate total known species because a very careful review is needed by a wide range of taxonomic experts to ensure the validity and uniqueness of all taxa.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

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From Sea to Sea: Canada's Three Oceans of Biodiversity

Archambault

Snelgrove²,

Fisher³

et al. 2010

PLoS ONE

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Evaluating and understanding biodiversity in marine ecosystems are both necessary and challenging for conservation. This paper compiles and summarizes current knowledge of the diversity of marine taxa in Canada's three oceans while recognizing that this compilation is incomplete and will change in the future. That Canada has the longest coastline in the world and incorporates distinctly different biogeographic provinces and ecoregions (e.g., temperate through ice-covered areas) constrains this analysis. The taxonomic groups presented here include microbes, phytoplankton, macroalgae, zooplankton, benthic infauna, fishes, and marine mammals. The minimum number of species or taxa compiled here is 15,988 for the three Canadian oceans. However, this number clearly underestimates in several ways the total number of taxa present. First, there are significant gaps in the published literature. Second, the diversity of many habitats has not been compiled for all taxonomic groups (e.g., intertidal rocky shores, deep sea), and data compilations are based on short-term, directed research programs or longer-term monitoring activities with limited spatial resolution. Third, the biodiversity of large organisms is well known, but this is not true of smaller organisms. Finally, the greatest constraint on this summary is the willingness and capacity of those who collected the data to make it available to those interested in biodiversity meta-analyses. Confirmation of identities and intercomparison of studies are also constrained by the disturbing rate of decline in the number of taxonomists and systematists specializing on marine taxa in Canada. This decline is mostly the result of retirements of current specialists and to a lack of training and employment opportunities for new ones. Considering the difficulties encountered in compiling an overview of biogeographic data and the diversity of species or taxa in Canada's three oceans, this synthesis is intended to serve as a biodiversity baseline for a new program on marine biodiversity, the Canadian Healthy Ocean Network. A major effort needs to be undertaken to establish a complete baseline of Canadian marine biodiversity of all taxonomic groups, especially if we are to understand and conserve this part of Canada's natural heritage.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…In a historical inventory of marine invertebrate taxa (intertidal, benthic, pelagic, parasitic) in the Haida Gwaii (Queen Charlotte Islands) region of Western Canada, a marine species accumulation curve was calculated using sampling data from the first record in 1878 to 2000 [167] . The curve accumulates a total of 2,276 species.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

From Sea to Sea: Canada's Three Oceans of Biodiversity

Archambault

Snelgrove²,

Fisher³

et al. 2010

PLoS ONE

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“…Conklin 1957) have recognized the importance of language and nomenclature in reflecting the LTK of environments. Indeed, names for marine species, habitats, and the like can be an important first step in integrating LTK with scientific knowledge (Sloan and Barthier 2009). The potential link between the richness of terminology and knowledge of geological features and processes has also been highlighted in recent studies (Terry and Etienne 2011).…”

Section: Substantive Focus Of Ltk Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Collaborative Engagement of Local and Traditional Knowledge and Science in Marine Environments: A Review

Thornton¹,

Scheer²

2012

E&S

206

133

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ABSTRACT. Local and traditional ecological knowledge (LTK) is increasingly recognized as an important component of scientific research, conservation, and resource management. Especially where there are gaps in the scientific literature, LTK can be a critical source of basic environmental data; this situation is particularly apparent in the case of marine ecosystems, about which comparatively less is known than terrestrial ones. We surveyed the global literature relating to the LTK of marine environments and analyzed what knowledge has been collected and with what aims and results. A large proportion of LTK which has been documented by researchers consists of species-specific information that is important for traditional resource use. However, knowledge relating to marine ecology, environmental change, and contemporary resource management practices is increasingly emphasized in the literature. Today, marine LTK is being used to provide historical and contemporary baseline information, suggest stewardship techniques, improve conservation planning and practice, and to resolve management disputes. Still, comparatively few studies are geared toward the practicalities of developing a truly collaborative, adaptive, and resilient management infrastructure that is embracive of modern science and LTK and practices in marine environments. Based on the literature, we thus suggest how such an infrastructure might be advanced through collaborative projects and "bridging" institutions that highlight the importance of trust-building and the involvement of communities in all stages of research, and the importance of shared interest in project objectives, settings (seascapes), and outcomes.

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“…Examples from Australia (Nursey-Bray, 2011), Hawaii (Friedlander et al, 2000, Papahānaumokuākea Marine National Monument, 2008 and others (Berkes, 2009) show how indigenous communities are initiating the development of marine conservation initiatives (Bartlett et al, 2010;Leenhardt et al, 2013). The traditional knowledge of indigenous communities not only contributes to planning and management, but has also helped to generate scientific baselines (Sloan and Bartier, 2009).…”

Section: Motu Motiro Hiva Marinementioning

confidence: 99%

Merging top‐down and bottom‐up approaches in marine protected areas planning: experiences from around the globe

Gaymer

Stadel

Ban

et al. 2014

Aquatic Conservation

123

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ABSTRACT1. Five case studies from around the world illustrate key lessons in integrating top-down and bottom-up approaches to stakeholder and community engagement in the planning and implementation of marine protected areas (MPAs).2. Community resistance to MPA proposals from centralized agencies can be addressed through effective participatory processes with consistent engagement over time, transparency, and the incorporation of benefits for communities.3. Indigenous communities in particular are becoming key actors of some conservation initiatives (e.g. MPAs) and recognition of their inherent rights, traditional knowledge and deep connections to the marine environment can become the foundations for collaborative management of MPAs.4. True participation requires empowerment for engagement, and this in turn requires education and capacity building for local people to get involved in the process of planning, implementing, and managing MPAs.5. How bottom-up and top-down approaches are used should consider the scale of the MPA (e.g. small vs. large), the geographic scenario (e.g. coastal vs. remote), the level of anthropogenic influence, the conservation objectives (e.g. species, habitats, ecosystems), the political and governance context, and specific cultural conditions, such as the presence of indigenous communities.

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Historic marine invertebrate species inventory: case study of a science baseline towards establishing a marine conservation area

Cited by 6 publications

References 76 publications

From Sea to Sea: Canada's Three Oceans of Biodiversity

From Sea to Sea: Canada's Three Oceans of Biodiversity

Collaborative Engagement of Local and Traditional Knowledge and Science in Marine Environments: A Review

Merging top‐down and bottom‐up approaches in marine protected areas planning: experiences from around the globe

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