Histoplasmosis in Non-endemic North-Western Part of India

Patel, Atul; Patel, Ketan; Toshniwal, Harsh; Gohel, Swati; Chakrabarti, Arunaloke

doi:10.4103/ijmm.ijmm_18_12

Cited by 16 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Very few cases were reported from the nonendemic region of India like Rajasthan. Patel et al reported 7 cases of histoplasmosis from Rajasthan [6]. We report this case from the hot and dry climate area of the Western India.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 72%

Progressive disseminated histoplasmosis in idiopathic CD4 lymphocytopenia an underdiagnosed combination - a case report

Yadav

Kumar

Bohra

et al. 2021

Medicine and Pharmacy Reports

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Progressive disseminated histoplasmosis (PDH) usually presents as fever, anemia, leukopenia, hepatosplenomegaly, lymphadenopathy and pulmonary symptoms. There are few reports showed the association of Idiopathic CD4 lymphocytopenia (ICL) with histoplasmosis. We describe a 65-year-old female presented with history of fever, papulo-nodular rash and significant weight loss and diagnosed as progressive disseminated histoplasmosis. All immunocompromised conditions were ruled out. In addition, her 2 consecutive CD4 counts were below 300. The patient was diagnosed with PDH associated with ICL. Patient showed significant improvement with liposomal amphotericin B and itraconazole. Absolute CD4 counts should be done in all cases of progressive disseminated histoplasmosis even in HIV negative individuals to rule out associated ICL.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 72%

Progressive disseminated histoplasmosis in idiopathic CD4 lymphocytopenia an underdiagnosed combination - a case report

Yadav

Kumar

Bohra

et al. 2021

Medicine and Pharmacy Reports

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“…Histoplasma was first isolated from soil in Malaysia in 1963, and Randhawa reviewed 30 possible autochthonous cases from India, Malaysia, Indonesia, Singapore, Thailand, Vietnam, and Japan in 1970 [ 61 , 62 ]. There have been 144 cases of histoplasmosis recorded from 1954 through 2017 in India with the majority of reports from West Bengal, Assam, Bihar, Delhi, Haryana, Punjab, and Uttar Pradesh; as in many other settings, histoplasmosis is felt to be underdiagnosed in this country [ 63 – 65 ]. Histoplasmin sensitivities in Kolkata and Delhi range from 4.7–12.3% [ 61 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Re-drawing the Maps for Endemic Mycoses

et al. 2020

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Endemic mycoses such as histoplasmosis, coccidioidomycosis, blastomycosis, paracoccidioidomycosis, and talaromycosis are well-known causes of focal and systemic disease within specific geographic areas of known endemicity. However, over the past few decades, there have been increasingly frequent reports of infections due to endemic fungi in areas previously thought to be “non-endemic.” There are numerous potential reasons for this shift such as increased use of immune suppressive medications, improved diagnostic tests, increased disease recognition, and global factors such as migration, increased travel, and climate change. Regardless of the causes, it has become evident that our previous understanding of endemic regions for these fungal diseases needs to evolve. The epidemiology of the newly described Emergomyces is incomplete; our understanding of it continues to evolve. This review will focus on the evidence underlying the established areas of endemicity for these mycoses as well as new data and reports from medical literature that support the re-thinking these geographic boundaries. Updating the endemic fungi maps would inform clinical practice and global surveillance of these diseases.

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“…Systemic histoplasmosis is ubiquitous, and the causative fungus is found in the soil fertilized by birds, chicken, and bats. [ 1 2 3 4 ] Histoplasmosis is common in immunosuppressed individuals and may present with mild influenza, which often leads to granulomatous disease and can even progress to life-threatening disease. [ 1 2 3 4 ] In developing countries such as India, it can mimic tuberculosis.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…[ 1 2 3 4 ] Histoplasmosis is common in immunosuppressed individuals and may present with mild influenza, which often leads to granulomatous disease and can even progress to life-threatening disease. [ 1 2 3 4 ] In developing countries such as India, it can mimic tuberculosis. [ 3 4 ] Ocular manifestations of systemic histoplasmosis include retinitis, choroiditis, optic neuritis, uveitis, and endophthalmitis.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[ 1 2 3 4 ] In developing countries such as India, it can mimic tuberculosis. [ 3 4 ] Ocular manifestations of systemic histoplasmosis include retinitis, choroiditis, optic neuritis, uveitis, and endophthalmitis. [ 1 2 3 4 ] Presumed ocular histoplasmosis syndrome (POHS) may present with peripheral retinal or choroidal involvement called “histo spots,” and they mostly have clear vitreous, unlike systemic histoplasmosis.…”

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confidence: 99%

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