Histopathology of the Skin in Myxedema

Reuter, Maurice J.

doi:10.1001/archderm.1931.01450010060004

Cited by 32 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…While the histology of the skin in hypothyroidism is documented (3,4), the literature regarding skin in states of thyroid hormone excess is sparse and contradictory. In 1967, Fink et al (5) reported skin thinning in rats made thyrotoxic with intraperitoneally (IP) administered thyroxine (T 4 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Thyroid Hormone Action on Skin: Diverging Effects of Topical versus Intraperitoneal Administration

Safer

Crawford

Fraser

et al. 2003

Thyroid

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Previously, we demonstrated stimulation of epidermal proliferation and hair growth in triiodothyronine (T(3)) treated mice. To distinguish skin effects of directly applied T(3) from those of systemic hyperthyroidism, we treated CD-1 mice with either intraperitoneally (IP) or topically administered T(3). Relative to controls, mice receiving T(3) IP had 10% thinner epidermis (p < 0.01) and 48% fewer hairs (p < 0.001). By contrast, mice receiving T(3) topically had 78% thicker epidermis (p < 0.01) and 160% more hairs (p < 0.01). To gain insight into factors responsible for the diverging effects, we contrasted T(3) effect on proliferation of isolated keratinocyte cultures versus keratinocytes cocultured with dermal fibroblasts. For keratinocytes grown in the absence of fibroblasts, T(3) stimulated proliferation in a dose-dependent, biphasic pattern with the peak at 0.5 nM T(3) (84 +/- 30%, p < 0.05). Paradoxically, T(3) inhibited proliferation of keratinocytes cocultured with fibroblasts, the nadir at 0.1 nM T(3) (34% +/- 4%, p < 0.001). These studies are the first describing divergent effects of IP and topically administered thyroid hormone. The data suggest that while T(3) stimulated keratinocyte proliferation, T(3) also stimulated proliferation inhibitory factor(s) from skin fibroblasts. Insight into the interplay among the competing factors will be important in understanding thyroid hormone regulation of skin physiology.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Investigators have suggested that deiodinase type III (converting T 4 to rT 3 ) is most active in skin (12) followed by deiodinase type II (converting T 4 to T 3 ). Immunohistochemical localization and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) have demonstrated all four TR isoforms in skin (13)(14)(15)(16).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thyroid Hormone Action on Skin: Diverging Effects of Topical versus Intraperitoneal Administration

Safer

Crawford

Fraser

et al. 2003

Thyroid

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“…11 Reuter was able to demonstrate increased hyaluronic acid in hypothyroid dermis. Later, Gabrilove et al 31 biopsied the skin of individuals with hypothyroidism before and after treatment.…”

Section: Direct Thyroid Hormone Action On Skin Tissuesmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…10 Histologic examination reveals epidermal thinning and hyperkeratosis. 11 Correspondence to: Joshua D. Safer The skin characteristics associated with thyroid hormone are classic. The name "myxedema" refers to the associated skin condition caused by increased glycosaminoglycan deposition in the skin.…”

Section: Direct Thyroid Hormone Action On Skin Tissuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thyroid hormone action on skin

Safer

2012

Current Opinion in Endocrinology, Diabetes &Amp; Obesity

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“…Changes in hypothyroid dermis can be seen in weeks and reversed in weeks [36, 37]. Hyaluronic acid is the major glycosaminoglycan that accumulates in myxedema [38].…”

Section: Direct Thyroid Hormone Action On Skin Tissuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thyroid Hormone and Wound Healing

Safer

2013

Journal of Thyroid Research

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Although thyroid hormone is one of the most potent stimulators of growth and metabolic rate, the potential to use thyroid hormone to treat cutaneous pathology has never been subject to rigorous investigation. A number of investigators have demonstrated intriguing therapeutic potential for topical thyroid hormone. Topical T3 has accelerated wound healing and hair growth in rodents. Topical T4 has been used to treat xerosis in humans. It is clear that the use of thyroid hormone to treat cutaneous pathology may be of large consequence and merits further study. This is a review of the literature regarding thyroid hormone action on skin along with skin manifestations of thyroid disease. The paper is intended to provide a context for recent findings of direct thyroid hormone action on cutaneous cells in vitro and in vivo which may portend the use of thyroid hormone to promote wound healing.

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Histopathology of the Skin in Myxedema

Cited by 32 publications

References 8 publications

Thyroid Hormone Action on Skin: Diverging Effects of Topical versus Intraperitoneal Administration

Thyroid Hormone Action on Skin: Diverging Effects of Topical versus Intraperitoneal Administration

Thyroid hormone action on skin

Thyroid Hormone and Wound Healing

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