Histopathology of Human Testicular and Epididymal Tissue

Holstein, A. F.; Schulze, Wolfgang; Breucker, Haide

doi:10.1007/978-1-4471-1029-3_5

Cited by 27 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…It was shock‐frozen immediately after removal and then stored in liquid nitrogen (−80 °C). Another small part of the specimen served as material for the histopathological investigation, which was performed according to a modified Johnsen Score (Holstein et al. , 1994).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantification of survivin mRNA in testes of infertile patients and in testicular germ cell tumours: high levels of expression associated with normal spermatogenesis

et al. 2005

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Deregulated apoptosis of germ cells may contribute to male infertility as well as malignant transformation. Survivin, an inhibitor of apoptosis (IAP), is overexpressed in all the most common human malignancies, but barely detectable in normal tissues. We used real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to quantify survivin mRNA expression in normal testes (n = 22), testes with defective spermatogenesis (n = 26) and testicular germ cell tumours (TGCTs; n = 16). Survivin was expressed at high levels in normal testes. Testicular survivin levels in infertile patients were related inversely to the severity of spermatogenic failure (p < 0.001), with a lack of expression in most specimens with pre-meiotic spermatogenic arrest and in all those with germ cell aplasia. Lower levels of expression were observed in TGCTs than in normal testes. While survivin expression was detected in most TGCTs with undifferentiated components (12 of 13), it was absent in all mature teratomas (n = 3). These data show that survivin is expressed in normal and transformed germ cells. Its downregulation in spermatogenic disorders indicates that survivin may contribute to the normal balance between germ cell proliferation and apoptosis. In TGCTs, survivin expression appears to be lost with somatic differentiation.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantification of survivin mRNA in testes of infertile patients and in testicular germ cell tumours: high levels of expression associated with normal spermatogenesis

et al. 2005

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“…This sample was placed in Stieve's solution [formaldehyde diaminobenzidine (DAB) 10 20.0 g, acetic acid 100% DAB 10 4.0 g, aqueous saturated 7% mercuric [II] chloride solution 76.0 g], paraffin‐embedded and prepared in 5 μ m slices, which were then HE‐stained. Histological evaluation of each sample was performed according to a modified Johnsen score (Johnsen, 1970; De Kretser & Holstein, 1976; Holstein et al ., 1994). Based on the histological findings, three groups of 10 patients each (normal spermatogenesis, maturation arrest, and SCOS) were formed to investigate survivin mRNA expression.…”

Section: Processing Of the Biopsy Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression of the apoptosis inhibitor survivin in testicular tissue of infertile patients

et al. 2004

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Summary Apoptosis is a common phenomenon during spermatogenesis, and its dysregulation has been associated with male infertility. Survivin is an inhibitor of apoptosis protein that regulates apoptosis at cell division and is overexpressed in common human cancers. We investigated whether survivin mRNA expression is detectable in testicular biopsies from patients with infertility of varying aetiology. The aim of this study was to examine the testicular survivin expression in azoospermic men with normal spermatogenesis and in those with specific spermatogenic disorders. Survivin mRNA expression was detected by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction in histologically classified testicular biopsy specimens from 30 azoospermic men. Survivin was found to be expressed in normal spermatogenesis (n = 10), in post-meiotic spermatogenic arrest (n = 6), and in specimens showing a mixed picture of pre-meiotic maturation arrest with sparse islands of post-meiotic arrest (n = 2). In contrast, a lack of survivin expression was seen in specimens without haploid germ cells (pre-meiotic maturation arrest, n = 2) and in those with Sertoli-cell-only syndrome (SCOS, n = 10). These data indicate for the first time that survivin is expressed in human testis. Moreover, its expression seems to correlate with the stage of maturation arrest in patients presenting with spermatogenic disorders. Survivin mRNA expression was not found in SCOS specimens, possibly indicating germ-cell-specific expression in human testicular tissue. Thus, survivin is a potential molecular marker of spermatogenesis, whose expression is altered in specific spermatogenic disorders.

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“…This may occur as a result of environmental influences or may be due to diseases that directly or indirectly affect spermatogenesis [30,31]. In addition, different nutrive substances, therapeutics, drugs, hormones and their metabolites, different toxic substances or x-radiation may reduce or destroy spermatogenesis.…”

Section: Disturbances Of Spermatogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding spermatogenesis is a prerequisite for treatment

Holstein

Schulze

Davidoff

2003

Reprod Biol Endocrinol

188

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Throughout spermatogenesis multiplication, maturation and differentiation of germ cells results in the formation of the male gamete. The understanding of spermatogenesis needs detailed informations about the organization of the germinal epithelium, the structure and function of different types of germ cells, endocrine and paracrine cells and mechanisms, intratesticular and extratesticular regulation of spermatogenesis. Normal germ cells must be discriminated from malformed, apoptotic and degenerating germ cells and tumor cells.Identification of the border line between normal and disturbed spermatogenesis substantiate the diagnosis of impaired male fertility. The profound knowledge of the complicate process of spermatogenesis and all cells or cell systems involved with is the prerequisite to develop concepts for therapy of male infertility or to handle germ cells in the management of assisted reproduction.

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Histopathology of Human Testicular and Epididymal Tissue

Cited by 27 publications

References 34 publications

Quantification of survivin mRNA in testes of infertile patients and in testicular germ cell tumours: high levels of expression associated with normal spermatogenesis

Quantification of survivin mRNA in testes of infertile patients and in testicular germ cell tumours: high levels of expression associated with normal spermatogenesis

Expression of the apoptosis inhibitor survivin in testicular tissue of infertile patients

Understanding spermatogenesis is a prerequisite for treatment

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