Histopathology case definition of naturally acquired Salmonella enterica serovar Dublin infection in young Holstein cattle in the northeastern United States

Abstract

Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Dublin ( Salmonella Dublin) is a host-adapted bacterium that causes high morbidity and mortality in dairy cattle worldwide. A retrospective search of archives at the New York Animal Health Diagnostic Center revealed 57 culture-confirmed Salmonella Dublin cases from New York and Pennsylvania in which detailed histology of multiple tissues was available. Tissues routinely submitted by referring veterinarians for histologic evaluation included sections of heart, lungs, liver, spleen, and lymph nodes. Of the 57 S almonella Dublin-positive cases, all were Holstein breed, 53 were female (93%), and 49 (86%) were <6 mo of age. Specifically, in calves <6 mo of age, >90% (45 of 49) of lungs, 90% (28 of 31) of livers, 50% (11 of 22) of spleens, and 62% (18 of 29) of lymph nodes examined had moderate-to-severe inflammation with or without necrosis. Inconstant lesions were seen in 48% (10 of 21) of hearts examined, and consisted of variable inflammatory infiltrates and rare areas of necrosis. We propose a histopathology case definition of Salmonella Dublin in <6-mo-old Holstein cattle that includes a combination of pulmonary alveolar capillary neutrophilia with or without hepatocellular necrosis and paratyphoid granulomas, splenitis, and lymphadenitis. These findings will assist in the development of improved protocols for the diagnosis of infectious diseases of dairy cattle.

Urocystitis and Ureteritis in Holstein Calves with Septicaemia Caused by Salmonella enterica Serotype Dublin

“…The pathological findings in these four cases were consistent with septicaemic salmonellosis (Carrique-Mas et al, 2010;Uzal et al, 2016;Pecoraro et al, 2017). An aetiological diagnosis of S. Dublin septicaemia was based on bacterial cultures, 16S rDNA sequencing and serotyping in all cases.…”

“…Typical lesions include fibrinous enterocolitis in the enteric form and hepatitis, cholecystitis, embolic pneumonia, splenitis, lymphadenitis, arthritis and gangrene of the distal extremities, tail and pinnae in the septicaemic form (Uzal et al, 2016;Pecoraro et al, 2017). Urocystitis and urinary tract infection (UTI) caused by S. enterica subsp.…”

“…Salmonella Dublin is highly pathogenic to young calves and septicaemia is the major syndrome caused by this serotype. A recent paper describing the spectrum of lesions induced by S. Dublin in <6-monthold Holstein calves in the USA, indicates that inflammatory lesions are frequently found in the lungs (>90% of cases), liver (90% of cases), lymph nodes (62% of cases) and spleen (50% of cases) (Pecoraro et al, 2017). Our results suggest that S. Dublin is also capable of causing urocystitis and ureteritis in calves and that the strains involved might have virulence factors that determine uropathogenicity.…”

Salmonella in Dairy Cattle

“…Salmonella infections are well-known for their association with clinical signs of enterocolitis, septicemia, and abortion in dairy cattle. 9 Pneumonia is an increasingly common manifestation of Salmonella Dublin infection in calves 16,17 and worth bearing in mind when dealing with mild, moderate, or severe respiratory disease on heifer rearing facilities. Whether or not this merely represents hematogenous localization of the Salmonella in Dairy Cattle organism to the lungs in much the same way that is seen with septic arthritis, for example, or a more specific organ tropism for the lungs by this serovar is uncertain.…”

Detección de serovares de Salmonella en terneros de crianza artificial de la región lechera Mar y Sierras, Argentina

“…Los brotes pueden ocurrir con alta mortalidad y morbilidad. La infección con Salmonella se asocia a la presencia de signos de enterocolitis, neumonía, septicemia y aborto en rodeos lecheros 19,20 . La forma entérica de la enfermedad es predominante, la cual se caracteriza por pirexia, embotamiento y anorexia, seguidos de diarrea; estas heces pueden contener fibrina y mucus.…”