Histopathology and Morphometry of Radial Artery Conduits: Basic Study and Clinical Application

Chowdhury, Ujjwal K.; Airan, Balram; Mishra, Pankaj Kumar; Ss, Kothari; Subramaniam, Ganapathy; Ray, Ruma; Singh, Rajvir; Venugopal, Panangipalli

doi:10.1016/j.athoracsur.2004.03.105

Cited by 88 publications

(78 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Furthermore, computed tomography is expensive and exposes the patient to significant radiation. Radiographs of distal extremities have also been used to detect vascular calcification, which is probably entirely medial (10,11), but the sensitivity is unknown. Therefore, there is a need for a simple and safe imaging modality that specifically recognizes medial calcification.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Breast Arterial Calcification

Duhn

D’Orsi²,

Johnson

et al. 2011

Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology

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SummaryBackground and objectives Because previous studies have not distinguished between intimal (atherosclerotic) and medial vascular calcification, the prevalence and clinical significance of either condition in chronic or end-stage kidney disease (CKD or ESKD) are unknown. We hypothesized that breast arterial calcification (BAC) is exclusively medial and that mammography can serve as a useful marker of generalized medial calcification in CKD and ESKD.Design, setting, participants, & measurements Arterial calcification was identified histologically in breast tissue or visually in mammograms and radiographs of extremities from patients with CKD or ESKD.Results Medial calcification but no intimal calcification was present in all 16 specimens from patients with CKD or ESKD. In 71 women with ESKD, BAC was present on mammograms in 63% compared with 17% in women without renal insufficiency matched for age, race, and diabetes (P Ͻ 0.001). Age and ESKD duration were significant, independent predictors of BAC. BAC was also present in 36% of mammograms from the same patients performed 5.5 Ϯ 0.7 years before the onset of ESKD (P Ͻ 0.05 versus control) but in only 14% of patients with stage 3 CKD. Comparison of mammograms and extremity radiographs revealed that BAC was present in over 90% of patients with peripheral arterial calcification (PAC), and PAC was observed in less than 6% of patients without BAC.Conclusions BAC is a specific and useful marker of medial vascular calcification in CKD, and its prevalence is markedly increased in ESKD and advanced CKD.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Breast Arterial Calcification

Duhn

D’Orsi²,

Johnson

et al. 2011

Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology

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“…2,4,5,47,52) On the other hand, the RA does have some disadvantages; the important one is that due to its thick muscular tunica media, it is prone to early spasms. 4,5,47,48,50,51) However, the use of specific surgical techniques and pharmacological prophylaxis may prevent it. 5,47) Additionally, the prevalence of atherosclerosis and intimal hyperplasia is higher in RA than in the ITA and it can also present calcification in the tunica media (Monckeberg's Sclerosis) with a prevalence of 25%.…”

Section: Coronary Arteriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…50) It is reported that the main cause of graft failure is spasm or hyperplasia. 51) Results of various morphological studies of the RA, where the length, luminal diameter, and thickness of the tunica intima and media are determined, are shown in Table 3. Reportedly, it has a length between 20 and 22.6 cm.…”

Section: Coronary Arteriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…4,5,47,50) In recent years, it has gained popularity as a graft for CABG because of its multiple morphological and surgical advantages that make it superior to other conduits. 4,5,50,51) The features that make it a versatile graft for CABG are as follows: its vast length to reach distal coronary branches and perform multiple anastomoses, 4,5,47,48,50) a thickness that makes it comfortable to handle and easy to anastomose, 4,5,48,50) a diameter comparable to the coronary arteries, 4,47,48,50) its ability to adapt to high blood pressure, 48) its removal is safe and easy, 4,5,47,48,52) and a remarkable permeability at short, medium, and long term. 2,4,5,47,52) On the other hand, the RA does have some disadvantages; the important one is that due to its thick muscular tunica media, it is prone to early spasms.…”

Section: Coronary Arteriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…5,47) Additionally, the prevalence of atherosclerosis and intimal hyperplasia is higher in RA than in the ITA and it can also present calcification in the tunica media (Monckeberg's Sclerosis) with a prevalence of 25%. 50,51) The most widely accepted indication for RA use is revascularization of the second most important coronary artery in patients where the use of both ITA is contraindicated. 5) Usually, it is anastomosed with the RCA, 2,4,5) 4,5) and its use in these vessels has been associated with satisfactory clinical and angiographic results.…”

Section: Coronary Arteriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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