Histopathology and immunohistochemistry of adrenal medullary tumors and paragangliomas

McNicol, Anne Marie

doi:10.1007/s12022-006-0004-2

Cited by 32 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Immunohistochemistry is commonly used to differentiate adrenal medullary tumors from cortical or extra-adrenal tumors (McNicol, 2006). Markers commonly used to differentiate pheochromocytomas include CGA, SYN and neuron-specific enolase (NSE) (Feldman and Eiden, 2003;McNicol, 2006).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Markers commonly used to differentiate pheochromocytomas include CGA, SYN and neuron-specific enolase (NSE) (Feldman and Eiden, 2003;McNicol, 2006). Neuroendocrine markers like CGA, NSE and SYN are typically positive in cases of pheochromocytoma, particularly with CGA, which is reported to stain 100% of pheochromocytomas (McNicol, 2006). CGA is the major secreted protein of the adrenal medulla and play an important role in binding and aggregating intracellular calcium (Feldman and Eiden, 2003).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, there are defined roles for chromogranins in functioning as prohormones, molecular chaperones, and modulators of gene expression (Feldman and Eiden, 2003). SYN is a membrane glycoprotein found in prejunctional neuroendocrine granules and is used as a specific marker of neuroendocrine tumors (McNicol, 2006).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Primary pheochromocytoma in an Asian Water Buffalo (Bubalus bubalis)

Kim¹,

Cho²

2013

Korean Journal of Veterinary Service

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A mass of the adrenal gland was observed during a routine necropsy of a female 23-year-old Asian Water Buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) at Seoul Zoo in Gyeonggi Province, Korea. The animal showed no clinical signs but the necropsy examination revealed hydropericardium, ascites, hydrothorax and edema of the intestinal wall, lung and adrenal gland. Histopathologically, the neoplastic cells of the right adrenal gland were arranged in lobules supported by a fine fibrovascular stroma. The neoplastic cells had round hyperchromatic nuclei and granular eosinophilic to basophilic cytoplasm. Immunohistochemically, tumor cells were positive for chromogranin A and S-100 and negative for vimentin, synaptophysin and cytokeratin. Based on the above findings, this case was diagnosed as a pheochromocytoma. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of a pheochromocytoma in an Asian Water Buffalo (Bubalus bubalis).

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Primary pheochromocytoma in an Asian Water Buffalo (Bubalus bubalis)

Kim¹,

Cho²

2013

Korean Journal of Veterinary Service

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“…Zellatypien, hoher Mitose-Index, Gefäß-einbrüche oder lokale Infiltration des retroperitonealen Fettgewebes können zwar Hinweise für Malignität sein, sind jedoch nicht als sichere Malignitätskriterien anerkannt [22,36] [19,48]. Symptomfreie Phäochromozytome sind selten und v. a. bei Verwandten von Patienten mit familiärem Phäochromo-zytom zu beobachten.…”

Section: Epidemiologieunclassified

Das Phäochromozytom – noch immer eine Herausforderung

et al. 2008

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Pheochromocytomas are rare, mostly benign catecholamine-producing tumors arising from the chromaffin cells of the adrenal medulla or in the paraganglia. Clinical presentation is highly variable but typically with hypertension, severe headaches, palpitations and sweating. Biochemical testing by 24 h urinary fractioned metanephrines or catecholamines and plasma free metanephrines as the most sensitive screening approach, confirms the catecholamine excess. Computed tomography scan and magnetic resonance imaging of the adrenal glands and abdomen as well as functional imaging with (123)Iod-MIBG scintigraphy and (18)F-dopa positron emission tomography are used for tumor localization. Because approximately a quarter of tumors develop secondary to germ-line mutations, screening for genetic alterations is important. The therapy of choice is the endoscopic adrenal sparing surgery following preoperative alpha-blockade. Regular follow-up remains essential due to possible recurrence and malignancy.

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“…[8][9][10] The distant metastases are usually of hematologic origin, mostly involving bone, liver and lung. Since metastasis represents the only accepted criterion for malignancy, it is important to distinguish between metastasis and multifocality which may occur, especially in inherited disorders.…”

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confidence: 99%