Histopathological spectrum of ovarian lesions in a tertiary care centre: A retrospective study

Abstract

Background: A broad range of pathological conditions including non-neoplastic and neoplastic lesions are commonly encountered in the ovary in routine practice. Majority of the ovarian neoplasms are benign and is also a common site for malignancy, even though metastasis can occcur. Ovarian cancer is the third most common cancer among women in India. Histopathological examination plays a major role in diagnosing these lesions. Aim: The aim of present study is to assess the frequency of ovarian lesions and to study the gross and histopathological patterns of different ovarian lesions. Materials and Method:The present study is a retrospective study conducted for a period of 2 months. Clinical data, gross findings and histopathology slides were retrieved using simple random sampling technique. A total of 100 cases were studied. Results thus obtained was analysed using SPSS 20.0 version. Results: Of the 100 ovarian lesions, 64% were non-neoplastic lesions and 36% were neoplastic. Age group ranges from 20 to 82 years with fourth decade being the most common age group affected in our study. 83% of ovarian lesions are cystic, 11% are solid and 6% are partly solid and cystic. Among the non-neoplastic lesions surface inclusion cysts were more common (43.8%). Out of all the ovarian neoplasms surface epithelial tumours were most common 30 out of 36 cases (83.3%) followed by germ cell tumours (16.7%). Benign tumours are more common compared to their malignant counterpart. Conclusion: Ovarian lesions show diverse histological types due to its complex architecture. Nonneoplastic lesions are more common than the neoplastic lesions. Histopathological examination is necessary in diagnosing and categorizing all ovarian lesions for proper treatment and patient care.