Histopathological Spectrum of Malignant Lesions in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Vizianagaram, India

Abstract

BACKGROUND Cancer is the second most common cause of deaths after cardiovascular disorders in the world. In India lakhs of people die due to cancer every year. Many of them do not have access to health care system and those who have access to health care system often reach for help in advanced stage. Incidence of cancer varies from country to country and within the country from region to region. It depends on the environment, lifestyle, and diet. The present research was undertaken to study the incidence of histopathological spectrum of malignant lesions in the local region of northern part of Andhra Pradesh. METHODS The present study is a retrospective study of 42 malignant cases from 159 neoplastic biopsies received over a period of 12 months from January 2019 to December 2019. RESULTS Among 42 malignant cases, 27 were females and 15 were males with a male to female ratio of 1:1.8. the most common age group of presentation with malignancies was 61 - 70 years. Youngest patient was 22 years. Cancer of the cervix was the commonest cancer in females in this region of Andhra Pradesh. Among men it was lung cancer. CONCLUSIONS In the present study, it was observed that the most common malignancy was lung cancer followed by cervical cancer. Squamous cell carcinoma was the most common histopathological type among them. As cancer incidence is more after 50 years this group should be targeted for health education and screening so that early diagnosis and timely treatment can be given. This reduces cancer mortality. KEY WORDS Spectrum of Malignancies, Squamous Cell Carcinoma