Histopathological evaluation of latex of Bellaco-Caspi, Himatanthus sucuuba (Spruce) Woodson on wound healing effect in BALB/C mice

Abstract

<jats:p>Background and Aim: Himatanthus sucuuba (Spruce) Woodson (Apocynaceae) is a medicinal plant known as "Bellaco- Caspi" widely distributed in Loreto, Peru. In the Peruvian traditional medicine, the latex of the plant is used for the treatment of wounds, inflammation, ulcers, and other ailments. This study aims to evaluate the wound healing effect of the latex of H. sucuuba in BALB/C albino mice. Materials and Methods: Thirty BALB/C male mice were used for wound healing study. In the experimental procedures, wound skin incision was performed at 2.0 cm in length until subcutaneous on the paravertebral of each animal. Under locally anesthetized with procaine cream, the treatment was conducted. All the mice were divided into three groups, the control group (A), zinc oxide cream (B), and H. sucuuba latex (C). The entire surface of the wound was treated for all the groups, and the treatments were performed daily for 15 days. The experiments were stopped on days 1, 7, and 15, respectively. Results: The histopathological study of tissues revealed significant changes in wound healing effect in H. sucuuba latex compared to the control and B groups. Consequently, the mice treated with latex showed a significant reduction in epithelialization time and collagen formation. Furthermore, the latex showed a dose-dependent significant reduction of inflammation in the first 24 h of treatment. Conclusion: BALB/C mice treated with the latex of H. sucuuba possess a wound healing effect that can scientifically prove the traditional use of the plant as a wound healing agent.</jats:p>

Phytochemical Screening of Himatanthus sucuuba (Spruce) Woodson (Apocynaceae) Latex, In Vitro Cytotoxicity and Incision Wound Repair in Mice

“…As indicated by the histological changes, treatment with latex caused collagen formation and anti-inflammatory effects and closed injuries in less time compared to the control group without treatment. Our results are similar to those in a previous report, but these latter results were derived via 15 days of treatment with once-daily application [ 6 ].…”

“…On day 10, mice were euthanized, and tissue cuts of the treated zone were immediately fixed in buffer formol, embedded in paraffin, sliced into sections 4 μm thick, and stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E). Finally, the samples were analyzed using an optic microscope (Olympus BX51; Olympus Corporation, Tokyo, Japan) [ 6 ].…”

“…In some communities from the rainforest, latex is used to treat different skin abnormalities, such as ulcers, snake bites, skin wounds, lumbar pain, fever, gastritis, hernia, herpes, uterus inflammation, etc. [ 6 ]. Additionally, phytochemical studies of its leaves, stem bark, and latex have revealed the presence of β-dihydro-plumbericinic acid, plumericin, plumeride, uleine, vanillic acid, amyrin, cis-polyisoprene, fulvoplumierin, isoplumericin, iso-uleine, lupeol acetate, lupeol cinnamate, α-amyrin cinnamate [ 7 , 8 ], 5-demethylplumieride, and isoplumieride [ 9 ], some of which have antifungal, antibacterial, and cytotoxic activities [ 10 ].…”

Wound healing by topical application of Momordica charantia L. formulations on mice

“…Results of this study suggest that the extract accelerates wound healing by inducing fibroblast migration and, in turn increases collagen production in the affected area. In the initial stages of wound healing, fibroblasts play a fundamental role by migrating to the wound area and inducing synthesis of a new extracellular matrix in fibroplasia and granulation tissue formation [27][28][29]. Important to consider in the proliferation phase is that when collagen has completely filled the wound, the fibroblast activity will stop and this is a physiological process in the human body to prevent excessive wound healing; and under the influence of growth factors and hydrolytic enzymes released by macrophages, fibroblasts proliferate and produce a large amount of collagen [29,30].…”

“…In the initial stages of wound healing, fibroblasts play a fundamental role by migrating to the wound area and inducing synthesis of a new extracellular matrix in fibroplasia and granulation tissue formation [27][28][29]. Important to consider in the proliferation phase is that when collagen has completely filled the wound, the fibroblast activity will stop and this is a physiological process in the human body to prevent excessive wound healing; and under the influence of growth factors and hydrolytic enzymes released by macrophages, fibroblasts proliferate and produce a large amount of collagen [29,30]. The amount of collagen fibers deposited in the tissue can be used as a marker of mechanical resistance of connective and epithelial tissue, which form a support structure to promote wound healing and for maintaining tissue strength in the wound area [31]; also reducing the chances of opportunistic infections in the area.…”