Histopathological Changes of Inner Retina, Optic Disc, and Optic Nerve in Rabbit with Advanced Retinitis Pigmentosa

Abstract

We observed the histopathological changes of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs), optic disc, and optic nerve in rabbit with advanced retinitis pigmentosa (RP). Wild-type (WT) and rhodopsin transgenic (Tg) of RP rabbits were used at age 24 months. Light and electron microscopy were used to observe the retina, optic disc, and optic nerve. RGCs were also confirmed by immunofluorescent staining with a TUJ-1 monoclonal antibody. In addition to the rod and cone degeneration, we observed the astrocyte infiltration of the optic disc due to the damage of small RGCs and nerve fibres and atrophy of small optic nerve fibres. They subsequently lead to the optic disc excavation and atrophy of the optic nerve. Consequently, our histopathological study clarified that not only the outer retina but also the inner retina, the optic disc, and the optic nerve were also affected in the late stages of RP rabbit.

Expression of glial cells molecules in the optic nerve of adult dromedary camel (Camelus dromedarius): A histological and immunohistochemical analysis

“…There are many rows of supporting astrocytes, oligodendrocytes and some microglial cells which are located within the nerve fibre bundles. Our results are consistent with the previous reports describing the morphology of optic nerve in different animals (Sun et al, ; Ueda et al, ), cats (Freeman, ; Stone & Campion, ), canine (Hogan & Williams, ), rabbit (Asakawa et al, ), monkey (Sandell & Peters, ) and in human (Jonas et al, ).…”

“…We carried histological studies on fourteen ON of adult camels which provided important information regarding the ON anatomy. Most of the histological description in this study is based on previous studies (Asakawa et al, ; Guo et al, ; Hayreh & Vrabec, ; Raff, ; Sandell & Peters, ; Sun et al, ). The adult camel ON comprised of closely packed nerve fibres, which are arranged together into bundles, where the glial cells are located at the border of the bundles.…”

“…In spite of its economic value, it has remained a rather ignored animal in the area of biological research. The histo‐morphological architecture of the optic nerve (ON) has been widely described in several animal species, for example, in mouse (Sun, Lye‐Barthel, Masland, & Jakobs, ; Ueda, Levine, Miller, & Trapp, ), in cats (Freeman, ; Stone & Campion, ), in canine (Hogan & Williams, ), in rabbit (Asakawa et al, ), in monkey (Sandell & Peters, ) and in human (Jonas, Schmidt, Müller‐Bergh, Schlötzer‐Schrehardt, & Naumann, ). On the contrary, there are few studies of ON in large animals such as bovine, pigs, sheep and horses (Guo, Masato, & Shoei, ; Herron, Martin, & Joyce, ; Tewari & Rao, ).…”

Morphologic and electrophysiologic findings of retinal degeneration after intravitreal sodium iodate injection following vitrectomy in canines

“…RP is one of inherited retinal dystrophies and one of the causes of irreversible vision loss. Initial degeneration due to RP occurs in the photoreceptors, and inner retinal thickness is gradually decreased in advanced-stage RP [10][11][12] . Choroideremia is a rare inherited retinal dystrophy that clinically manifests with gradual vision loss and progressive retinal degeneration with degeneration of retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cell and photoreceptor, and choroidal atrophy 13 .…”

Contactless Liquid Sensing Technique Using a Quartz Oscillator

“…(1)(2)(3) These diseases cause the progressive degeneration of photoreceptors; however significant numbers of inner retinal cells, including bipolar and ganglion cells, continue to function even in the final stages of such diseases. (4,5) Treatments such as gene therapy, (6) drug medication, (7) and cell transplantation (8) have been reported to recover the degenerated photoreceptors, but those treatments have not shown satisfactory results. Therefore, electrical stimulation of the remaining retinal cells to evoke action potentials has been researched as an alternative to restore a limited form of vision in patients with retinal degenerative diseases.…”