Histopathological changes in gills and liver of Clarias gariepinus fingerlings exposed to acute concentrations of dry cell battery

Abstract

Waste dry cell batteries are frequently improperly disposed and subsequently washed into water bodies-- causing deleterious effects on fish particularly Clarias gariepinus which inhabits diverse freshwater habitats. Acute toxicity of water-soluble fractions of waste dry cell batteries was investigated on C. gariepinus fingerlings under laboratory conditions in 96 hours. Ten (10) C. gariepinus fingerlings were exposed to acute concentrations (0.31, 0.63, 1.25, 2.50, and 5.00 g/L) of waste dry cell batteries and a control (0.00 g/L), each duplicate replicated. Histopathological alterations evident in the gills were lamellar fusion, hyperplasia, inter-lamella space occlusion, hypertrophy and erosion of secondary lamellae. The liver showed nuclear and hepatocytes degeneration, vacuolation and portal congestion. Acute concentrations of water-soluble fractions of waste dry cell batteries caused significant (P<0.05) changes in the histomorphology of the gills and liver of C. gariepinus fingerlings, therefore indiscriminate disposal of waste dry cell batteries around riparian ecosystem should be safeguarded to reduce the declining diversity and abundance of freshwater fish species.
 Keywords: African catfish, 96 hr.LC50, Fingerlings, Histopathology Zinc-carbon battery

Impact of Commercial Herbicide, Bispyribac-Sodium, on Histological Feature and Functions of Catfish, Clarias gariepinus Liver

“…Also,Rahmanet al [64] detected severe necrosis, appearance of large number of vacuoles in cytoplasm and pyknotic nuclei in the liver of Channa punctatus and Anabas testudineus after intoxication of diazinon. Furthermore, Fernando et al [65] reported that, nuclear level impact of bispyribac-sodium on the fish, Poecilia reticulate was significantly higher number of damaged nuclei in liver tissue was noted in herbicide exposed fish Similar findings are compatible with the recorded histopathological lesions, which revealed a notable degeneration and necrosis of hepatocytes coincided with increasing in ASAT and ALAT activities [66][67][68][69] and confirming that, it may be attributed to liver injury [70][71].…”

Acute Toxicity Effect of Crude Leaves Extract of Thevetia peruviana on Full Blood Count and some Organs of Clarias gariepinus Juveniles

“…About 1kg of dried leaves was pulverized into a fine powder, sieved with a 30 µm mesh size sieve, and stored in an airtight polythene bag. After the determination of definitive concentrations of the plant material through preliminary range finding tests, the powder of each definitive concentration was weighed using a weighing machine (Mettler Toledo PB602 model), and the stock solution of each concentration was prepared by macerating in 1L of dechlorinated municipal water for 24 hours [24]. The mixture was filtered through a funnel chocked with non-absorbent cotton wool into the appropriate experimental tanks for a 96hr acute exposure test.…”

“…Preliminary range-finding tests [26] were conducted to determine the definitive concentrations of the leaf extract of T. peruviana that could cause 50% mortality in C. gariepinus juveniles. A Series of preliminary trials [26] was conducted on 27 C. gariepinus juveniles in three test tanks labeled A, B, and C. Each test tank was stocked with three (3) C. gariepinus juveniles and exposed to different concentrations of the leaf extract in three experimental trials, after which acute test concentrations of 0.63, 1.25, 2.50, 5.00, and 10.00g/L of the leaves extract of T. peruviana were determined as the definitive acute concentrations.…”

Efficacy of Aqueous Crude Fruit Extract of Desert Date (Balanites aegyptiaca) in Anaesthetization of African Catfish (Clarias gariepinus) Fingerlings

“…Prior to the administration of the crude fruit extract to the experimental fish, preliminary experimental trials (Audu, Omirinde, Gosomji & Wazhi, 2017) 30 were carried out to determine suitable concentrations for the experiment. Subsequent to series of experimental trials 5 concentrations (2.00, 2.50, 3.00, 3.50 and 4.00g/L) of crude fruit extract of B. aegyptiaca were determined as definitive sedative concentrations.…”

“…(2017) 30 . The results of the current study however revealed longer induction and recovery times of C. gariepinus fingerlings.…”