Histopathologic and morphometric studies of leptomeningeal vessels in moyamoya disease.

Kono, Shinji; Oka, Kazunari; Sueishi, Katsuo

doi:10.1161/01.str.21.7.1044

Cited by 64 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 9 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…19,[25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33] Another example of compensation is the absence of neurological symptoms after ACA, MCA, and PCA surgical occlusion for aneurysmal disease. 34 -36 The major trends in the literature on the subject of LMA follow a sinusoidal curve, as presented in Figure 1.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Anatomy and Functionality of Leptomeningeal Anastomoses

Brozici

Zwan

Hillen

2003

Stroke

219

200

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background-This review seeks to provide a structured presentation of existing knowledge of leptomeningeal anastomoses from anatomic and functional points of view and to identify problems and possible research directions to foster a better understanding of the subject and of stroke mechanisms. Summary of Review-Available data show that leptomeningeal anastomoses may be important in understanding stroke mechanisms and that leptomeningeal anastomoses play an important role in penumbra outcome. However, the literature shows no consensus between statements on the existence of leptomeningeal anastomoses and compensatory capacity. Conclusions-By

show abstract

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Anatomy and Functionality of Leptomeningeal Anastomoses

Brozici

Zwan

Hillen

2003

Stroke

219

200

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…[1][2][3] Pathological findings suggest the presence of growth factors that promote the migration and proliferation of smooth muscle cells from the media to the intima. 4 Basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), 1,[5][6][7][8] transforming growth factor-␤ (TGF-␤), 9 and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) 10 -12 have been reported to be involved in the pathogenesis of MMD.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Elevation of CRABP-I in the Cerebrospinal Fluid of Patients With Moyamoya Disease

Kim

Yoo

Cho

et al. 2003

Stroke

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background and Purpose-The etiology of moyamoya disease (MMD) remains obscure. This study was undertaken to identify specific proteins associated with the pathogenesis of MMD. Methods-We studied cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from 20 patients with angiographically confirmed MMD (4 boys and 16 girls; age range, 3 to 13 years; mean, 7.5 years) and 4 control patients with cerebral palsy who underwent selective dorsal rhizotomy (2 boys and 2 girls; age range, 5 to 10 years; mean, 7.3 years). CSF proteins were analyzed by 2-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and protein identification was performed by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. The presence of specific CSF protein in patients with MMD was confirmed by Western blotting. In addition, cerebral CSF was also tested in 7 patients who had other brain diseases but no MMD (2 boys and 5 girls; age range, 1 to 12 years; mean, 6.9 years). Results-We identified 1 polypeptide spot (M r of 13 to 15 kDa and isoelectric point of 5 to 5.5) that was differentially expressed in the CSF samples of MMD patients (mean optical density intensity, 0.36Ϯ0.24; range, 0.05 to 0.92) and control spinal CSF samples (mean, 0.03Ϯ0.04; range, 0 to 0.08; Pϭ0.002). This polypeptide was identified as cellular retinoic acid-binding protein (CRABP)-I. High levels of expression of CRABP-I in the CSF from 17 MMD children were confirmed by Western blotting. Conclusions-The analysis of the CSF of MMD patients reveals high CRABP-I expression. The present study suggests that the elevation of CRABP-I in CSF may be a candidate for pathogenesis of MMD.

show abstract

“…30,42,46 In the stenotic type, vessels show concentric thickening of the intima with duplication of the elastic lamina and fibrosis of the tunica media. 9,30,34,46,63,74 Fibrocellular intimal thickening is responsible for luminal stenosis in both large and perforating arteries. 42,61,63 Histopathologically, the intima of the major arteries shows eccentrically laminated thickening.…”

Section: Pathologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Moyamoya disease: a summary

Burke

Burke²,

Sherma

et al. 2009

FOC

180

150

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Moyamoya, meaning a “hazy puff of smoke” in Japanese, is a chronic, occlusive cerebrovascular disease involving bilateral stenosis or occlusion of the terminal portion of the internal carotid arteries (ICAs) and/or the proximal portions of the anterior cerebral arteries and middle cerebral arteries (MCAs). The Ministry of Health and Welfare of Japan has defined 4 types of moyamoya disease (MMD): ischemic, hemorrhagic, epileptic, and “other.” The ischemic type has been shown to predominate in childhood, while the hemorrhagic type is more often observed in the adult population. The highest prevalence of MMD is found in Japan, with a higher female to male ratio. Studies have shown a possible genetic association of MMD linked to chromosome 17 in Japanese cases as well as in cases found in other demographics. During autopsy, intracerebral hematoma is found and most commonly serves as the major cause of death in patients with MMD. Moyamoya vessels at the base of the brain are composed of medium-sized or small muscular arteries emanating from the circle of Willis, mainly the intracranial portions of ICAs, anterior choroidal arteries, and posterior cerebral arteries, forming complex channels that connect with distal positions of the MCAs. Off of these channels are small tortuous and dilated vessels that penetrate into the base of the brain at the site of the thalamoperforate and lenticulostriate arteries. On angiography, there is the characteristic stenosis or occlusion bilaterally at the terminal portion of the ICAs as well as the moyamoya vessels at the base of the brain. Six angiographic stages have been described, from Stage 1, which reveals a narrowing of the carotid forks, to Stage 6, in which the moyamoya vessels disappear and collateral circulation is produced solely from the external carotid arteries. Cases with milder symptoms are usually treated conservatively; however, more severe symptomatic cases are treated using revascularization procedures. Surgical treatments are divided into 3 types: direct, indirect, and combined/other methods. Direct bypass includes superficial temporal artery-MCA bypass or use of other graft types. Indirect procedures bring in circulation to the intracranial regions by introducing newly developed vasculature from newly approximated tissues. These procedures may not be enough to prevent further ischemia; therefore, a combination of direct and indirect procedures is more suitable. This article will give a review of the epidemiology, natural history, pathology, pathophysiology, and diagnostic criteria, including imaging, and briefly describe the surgical treatment of MMD.

show abstract

Histopathologic and morphometric studies of leptomeningeal vessels in moyamoya disease.

Cited by 64 publications

References 9 publications

Anatomy and Functionality of Leptomeningeal Anastomoses

Anatomy and Functionality of Leptomeningeal Anastomoses

Elevation of CRABP-I in the Cerebrospinal Fluid of Patients With Moyamoya Disease

Moyamoya disease: a summary

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About