Histone variants in skeletal myogenesis

Karthik, Nandini; Taneja, Reshma

doi:10.1080/15592294.2020.1795606

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Conversely, H2A.Z is also required for efficient ESC differentiation and lineage commitment [16,93,96]. As a general facilitator of inducible transcription, H2A.Z has been implicated in the differentiation of many lineages, including, endoderm [96], trophoblast [97], skeletal and smooth muscle [14,98,99], cardiomyocytes [100], osteoblasts [101], intestinal cells [52,102], immune cells [103,104], melanocytes [105], epithelial-mesenchymal transition [106], and many neuronal cells, which will be explored in the next section.…”

Section: Open Accessmentioning

confidence: 99%

The H2A.Z-nucleosome code in mammals: emerging functions

2022

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H2A.Z is a histone variant that provides specific structural and docking-side properties to the nucleosome, resulting in diverse and specialised molecular and cellular functions. In this review, we discuss the latest studies uncovering new functional aspects of mammalian H2A.Z in gene transcription, including pausing and elongation of RNA polymerase II (RNAPII) and enhancer activity; DNA repair; DNA replication; and 3D chromatin structure. We also review the recently described role of H2A.Z in embryonic development, cell differentiation, neurodevelopment, and brain function. In conclusion, our cumulative knowledge of H2A.Z over the past 40 years, in combination with the implementation of novel molecular technologies, is unravelling an unexpected and complex role of histone variants in gene regulation and disease.

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Section: Open Accessmentioning

confidence: 99%

The H2A.Z-nucleosome code in mammals: emerging functions

2022

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“…H3.3 is incorporated in the regulatory regions and promoters of myogenic genes prior to differentiation and its recruitment increases during differentiation ( Table 1 ) [ 26 , 28 , 29 ]. In addition, H3.3 was linked to myogenic and neurogenic cell differentiation [ 26 , 29 , 32 , 41 ], but the functional role of H3.3 in progenitor cells prior to differentiation has received less attention. Recently, a study using a conditional and inducible knockout of Hira in muscle stem cells (PAX7-positive cells) has identified H3.3 as being essential to maintain the myogenic identity of stem cells [ 42 ].…”

Section: The Role Of the Non-canonical H3 Histone Variant H33 In Myogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Epigenetic Regulation of Myogenesis: Focus on the Histone Variants

Lima

Relaix

2021

IJMS

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Skeletal muscle development and regeneration rely on the successive activation of specific transcription factors that engage cellular fate, promote commitment, and drive differentiation. Emerging evidence demonstrates that epigenetic regulation of gene expression is crucial for the maintenance of the cell differentiation status upon division and, therefore, to preserve a specific cellular identity. This depends in part on the regulation of chromatin structure and its level of condensation. Chromatin architecture undergoes remodeling through changes in nucleosome composition, such as alterations in histone post-translational modifications or exchange in the type of histone variants. The mechanisms that link histone post-translational modifications and transcriptional regulation have been extensively evaluated in the context of cell fate and differentiation, whereas histone variants have attracted less attention in the field. In this review, we discuss the studies that have provided insights into the role of histone variants in the regulation of myogenic gene expression, myoblast differentiation, and maintenance of muscle cell identity.

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“…In addition, multiple epigenetic modifiers also play important roles in regulating myogenesis ( Saccone and Puri, 2010 ). Histone deacetylases (HDACs) and lysine methyltransferases (KMTs) mediate muscle gene repression, while acetyltransferases (KATs) promote muscle gene transcription and thus facilitate muscle differentiation ( Saccone and Puri, 2010 ; Bharathy et al, 2013 ; Robinson and Dilworth, 2018 ; Karthik and Taneja, 2021 ). In myoblasts, several KMTs, such as Suv39h1 and G9a/GLP, mediate histone H3 lysine nine methylation (H3K9me), and Ezh2, which leads to histone H3 lysine 27 trimethylation (H3K27me3), represses differentiation genes ( Zhang et al, 2002 ; Caretti et al, 2004 ; Mal, 2006 ; Ling et al, 2012 ; Ohno et al, 2013 ; Battisti et al, 2016 ; Choi et al, 2018 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An interplay between BRD4 and G9a regulates skeletal myogenesis

Yang

Das

Shankar

et al. 2022

Front. Cell Dev. Biol.

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Histone acetylation and methylation are epigenetic modifications that are dynamically regulated by chromatin modifiers to precisely regulate gene expression. However, the interplay by which histone modifications are synchronized to coordinate cellular differentiation is not fully understood. In this study, we demonstrate a relationship between BRD4, a reader of acetylation marks, and G9a, a writer of methylation marks in the regulation of myogenic differentiation. Using loss- and gain-of-function studies, as well as a pharmacological inhibition of its activity, we examined the mechanism by which BRD4 regulates myogenesis. Transcriptomic analysis using RNA sequencing revealed that a number of myogenic differentiation genes are downregulated in Brd4-depleted cells. Interestingly, some of these genes were upregulated upon G9a knockdown, indicating that BRD4 and G9a play opposing roles in the control of myogenic gene expression. Remarkably, the differentiation defect caused by Brd4 knockdown was rescued by inhibition of G9a methyltransferase activity. These findings demonstrate that the absence of BRD4 results in the upregulation of G9a activity and consequently impaired myogenic differentiation. Collectively, our study identifies an interdependence between BRD4 and G9a for the precise control of transcriptional outputs to regulate myogenesis.

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Histone variants in skeletal myogenesis

Cited by 6 publications

References 255 publications

The H2A.Z-nucleosome code in mammals: emerging functions

The H2A.Z-nucleosome code in mammals: emerging functions

Epigenetic Regulation of Myogenesis: Focus on the Histone Variants

An interplay between BRD4 and G9a regulates skeletal myogenesis

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