Histone gene transcription: A model for responsiveness to an integrated series of regulatory signals mediating cell cycle control and proliferation/differentiation interrelationships

Stein, Gary S.; Wijnen, André J. van; Lian, Jane B.

doi:10.1002/jcb.240540406

Cited by 47 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 67 publications

(48 reference statements)

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“…Histone genes are primarily active during S phase to supply the replicating DNA with new histones (Heintz, 1991;Stein et al, 1994). In humans the major histone genes are clustered on chromosomes 1q21 and 6p21 (Tripputi et al, 1986).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Without transcription, coiled bodies and cleavage bodies were always found to colocalize . Because cleavage bodies seem to be specifically associated with gene activity during S phase, it seems likely that the putative gene or genes inside cleavage bodies are only active in this stage of the cell cycle.Histone genes are primarily active during S phase to supply the replicating DNA with new histones (Heintz, 1991;Stein et al, 1994). In humans the major histone genes are clustered on chromosomes 1q21 and 6p21 (Tripputi et al, 1986).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Nuclear Domains Enriched in RNA 3′-processing Factors Associate with Coiled Bodies and Histone Genes in a Cell Cycle–dependent Manner

Schul

Kraan

Matera

et al. 1999

MBoC

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Nuclear domains, called cleavage bodies, are enriched in the RNA 3Ј-processing factors CstF 64 kDa and and CPSF 100 kDa. Cleavage bodies have been found either overlapping with or adjacent to coiled bodies. To determine whether the spatial relationship between cleavage bodies and coiled bodies was influenced by the cell cycle, we performed cell synchronization studies. We found that in G1 phase cleavage bodies and coiled bodies were predominantly coincident, whereas in S phase they were mostly adjacent to each other. In G2 cleavage bodies were often less defined or absent, suggesting that they disassemble at this point in the cell cycle. A small number of genetic loci have been reported to be juxtaposed to coiled bodies, including the genes for U1 and U2 small nuclear RNA as well as the two major histone gene clusters. Here we show that cleavage bodies do not overlap with small nuclear RNA genes but do colocalize with the histone genes next to coiled bodies. These findings demonstrate that the association of cleavage bodies and coiled bodies is both dynamic and tightly regulated and suggest that the interaction between these nuclear neighbors is related to the cell cycle-dependent expression of histone genes. INTRODUCTIONThe cell nucleus contains various distinct structural and functional domains, each with its own morphology and protein composition Lamond and Earnshaw, 1998). One well-studied nuclear domain is the coiled body, which owes its name to its appearance as a ball of coiled threads in the electron microscope (Monneron and Bernhard, 1969). Coiled bodies are small spherical structures, one to five per nucleus, with a diameter of 0.2-1.0 m. They are evolutionary conserved from plants to mammals, indicating that they have a crucial role in the nucleus (for reviews, see Lamond and Carmo-Fonseca, 1993;Gall et al., 1995). Over the years, many nuclear factors have been found concentrated in coiled bodies. Among these are nucleolar constituents, such as fibrillarin (Raška et al., 1990) and Nopp140 (Meier and Blobel, 1992), U3 small nucleolar RNA (Jiménez-García et al., 1994), and nucleoplasmic factors, such as the general transcription factors TFIIH and TFIIF (Grande et al., 1997;Jordan et al., 1997) and the RNA-processing factors U1, U2, U4/U6, and U7 small nuclear ribonuclear protein (Carmo-Fonseca et al., 1992;Wu and Gall, 1993;Frey and Matera, 1995). The protein p80-coilin is especially enriched inside coiled bodies Raška et al., 1991) and is a hallmark for this nuclear domain. It has become clear that coiled bodies are dynamic structures. Disruption of cellular processes, e.g., by heat shock or drug treatment, rapidly alters the distribution and number of coiled bodies (Carmo-Fonseca et al., 1992). Coiled bodies also undergo changes during the cell cycle. During mitosis they disassemble, and only small remnants are left in the mitotic cell . Coilin enters the nucleus in telophase, but coiled bodies are not formed until later in G1 Ferreira et al., 1994). Thus several lines of investigation indicate that t...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Nuclear Domains Enriched in RNA 3′-processing Factors Associate with Coiled Bodies and Histone Genes in a Cell Cycle–dependent Manner

Schul

Kraan

Matera

et al. 1999

MBoC

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“…The cell cycle-dependent histone gene promoter provides a paradigm for pursuit of transcriptional regulatory mechanisms operative at the G1/S phase transition point in the cell cycle and competency for transcriptional control me-diating cell cycle progression at the onset of DNA replication [reviewed in Stein et al, 1992Stein et al, , 1994. Regulation of histone gene expression is a key component of growth control in proliferating osteoblasts and downregulation occurs at the onset of differentiation Ramsey-Ewing et al, 1994;Pauli et al, 1987;Vaughan et al, 1995;Holthuis et al, 19901.…”

Section: Biological Model For Cell Cycle and Steroid Hormone Responsimentioning

confidence: 98%

Functional interrelationships between nuclear structure and transcriptional control: Contributions to regulation of cell cycle-and tissue-specific gene expression

et al. 1996

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Multiple levels of nuclear structure contribute to functional interrelationships with transcriptional control in vivo. The linear organization of gene regulatory sequences is necessary but insufficient to accommodate the requirements for physiological responsiveness to homeostatic, developmental, and tissue-related signals. Chromatin structure, nucleosome organization, and gene-nuclear matrix interactions provide a basis for rendering sequences accessible to transcription factors supporting integration of activities at independent promoter elements of cell cycle- and tissue-specific genes. A model is presented for remodeling of nuclear organization to accommodate developmental transcriptional control.

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“…Cyclin A:CDK-2 complex phosphorylates Rb and its kinase activity is rate-limiting for entrance into the S phase [47]. Cyclins, their associated kinases (CDKs), and cyclin inhibitory proteins like p21 cip1 , are integral components in the coordinated progression of the cell cycle [48][49][50]. p21 cip1 is a ubiquitous inhibitor of cyclin kinases and a critical regulator of cell cycle progression [48,[50][51][52].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unique natural antioxidants (NAOs) and derived purified components inhibit cell cycle progression by downregulation of ppRb and E2F in human PC3 prostate cancer cells

et al. 2004

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Prostate cancer (PCA) is the leading cause of cancer mortality among older men in Western countries. Epidemiological studies have shown correlation between a lower risk of PCA and a higher consumption of antioxidants. However, the mechanism by which antioxidants exert their effects is still unknown. In the present study, we explored the signaling mechanism through which unique natural antioxidant derived from spinach extract (NAO) exerts their beneficial effects in the chemoprevention of PCA using human PC3 cells. Probing into the effect of NAO and its derived polyphenols on cell-cycle G1 arrest, we found that they cause cell-cycle prolongation. NAO and its two derived purified components exhibited a significant increase in the level of p21 cip1 expression after 36 h of starvation, followed by 18 h of treatment with NAO in the presence of serum. In addition, under similar conditions, the expressed level of Cyclin A and CDK-2 in the PC3 cells was significantly reduced after treatment with NAO or its purified components. Immunoblot analysis demonstrated a significant increase in the hypophosphorylated form of pRb and a decrease in ppRb. NAO and its purified derived components were found to downregulate the protein expression of another member of the pRb family, p107, as well as that of E2F-1. These results suggest that NAOinduced G1 delay and cell cycle prolongation are caused by downregulation of the protein expression of ppRb and E2F in the human PCA cell line PC3.

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Histone gene transcription: A model for responsiveness to an integrated series of regulatory signals mediating cell cycle control and proliferation/differentiation interrelationships

Cited by 47 publications

References 67 publications

Nuclear Domains Enriched in RNA 3′-processing Factors Associate with Coiled Bodies and Histone Genes in a Cell Cycle–dependent Manner

Nuclear Domains Enriched in RNA 3′-processing Factors Associate with Coiled Bodies and Histone Genes in a Cell Cycle–dependent Manner

Functional interrelationships between nuclear structure and transcriptional control: Contributions to regulation of cell cycle-and tissue-specific gene expression

Unique natural antioxidants (NAOs) and derived purified components inhibit cell cycle progression by downregulation of ppRb and E2F in human PC3 prostate cancer cells

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