Histomorphometric analysis of pure titanium implants with porous surface versus rough surface

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to analyze the bone repair around commercially pure titanium implants with rough and porous surface, fabricated using powder metallurgy technique, after their insertion in tibiae of rabbits. Seven male rabbits were used. Each animal received 3 porous-surface implants in the left tibia and 3 rough-surface implants in the right tibia. The rabbits were sacrificed 4 weeks after surgery and fragments of the tibiae containing the implants were submitted to histological and histomorphometric analyses to evaluate new bone formation at the implant-bone interface. Means (%) of bone neoformation obtained in the histomorphometric analysis were compared by Student's t-test for paired samples at 5% significance level.. The results of the histological analysis showed that osseointegration occurred for both types of implants with similar quality of bone tissue. The histomorphometric analysis revealed means of new bone formation at implant-bone interface of 79.69 ± 1.00% and 65.05 ± 1.23% for the porous- and rough-surface implants, respectively. Statistically significant difference was observed between the two types of implants with respect to the amount new bone formation (p<0.05). In conclusion, the porous-surface implants contributed to the osseointegration because they provide a larger contact area at implant-bone interface.

Osseointegration of polyethylene implants coated with titanium and biomimetically or electrochemically deposited hydroxyapatite in a rabbit model

“…2 Interfacial shear strength (ISS) in MPa at six and 12 weeks tested implants after coating deposition. They were considered a better control than porous titanium implants despite that porous titanium demonstrated greater osseointegration than rough titanium implants because of a larger area in contact with bone (bone ingrowth) [16].…”

In vitro analysis of the influence of surface treatment of dental implants on primary stability

“…Since then, many studies have been conducted to determine the nature of the interaction that occurs between the metal and the tissue [2][3][4][5] called osseointegration, in which the bone-implant unit becomes an anatomical structure 6 and supports patient function without causing injury.…”

Porous Titanium by Powder Metallurgy for Biomedical Application: Characterization, Cell Citotoxity and in vivo Tests of Osseointegration

“…Numerous studies have shown that implant porosity promotes positive results in bone neoformation in vivo [4,5,[8][9][10]22,23], since it increases the contact area between the biomaterials and bone tissue [4,22], resulting in improved implant stability over time, as well as accelerating the process of osseointegration [24]. Concomitantly, various studies have shown that the implant surface can alter the metabolism and phenotypic expression of osteoblastic cells [22,23,25].…”

“…Concomitantly, various studies have shown that the implant surface can alter the metabolism and phenotypic expression of osteoblastic cells [22,23,25].…”

“…The porous structure must be produced with high porosity to provide sufficient space for cell adhesion and subsequent formation of new bone that permits the transport of body fluids and the proliferation of new vasculature, while providing adequate mechanical properties to withstand stresses during implantation and use [4][5][6][7][8]12,22]. However, although increased porosity and pore size favors new bone growth, this increase can diminish the mechanical properties of the implant [6][7][8]26].…”