Histologische und autoradiographische Untersuchungen zur ?Pr�spermatogenese? und ?Spermatogenese? der Ratte

Hilscher, W; Makoski, H. B.

doi:10.1007/bf00332473

Cited by 47 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…The BrdU-labeling behavior of the prespermatogenic germ cells of the golden hamster is widely in accord with the proliferative pattern of prespermatogonia as described by Hilscher and Makoski (1968) and Hilscher et al (1974) in the rat. Their findings have led to the definition of three successive phases of prespermatogenesis which are characterized by the appearance of M-, T1-, and T2-prespermatogonia, respectively (Hilscher etal.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 58%

“…Its duration of 8 days is comparable to the resting period of germ cells of 5 to 6 days found in mice (Kluin and de Rooij 1981;Vergouwen etal. 1991) and of 8 to 11 days in rats (Hilscher and Makoski 1968). Presumably, Ta-prespermatogonia are arrested in the Ga-phase of the cell cycle (Hilscher and Makoski 1968;Vergouwen et al 1991).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…1991) and of 8 to 11 days in rats (Hilscher and Makoski 1968). Presumably, Ta-prespermatogonia are arrested in the Ga-phase of the cell cycle (Hilscher and Makoski 1968;Vergouwen et al 1991).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…According to the conventional concept, prespermatogenesis covers the period of testicular development between gonadal differentiation and the incipient establishment of mature spermatogenesis (Hilscher and Makoski 1968;Hilscher et al 1974). It represents a complex interplay of cellular differentiation and proliferation and involves, within the seminiferous cords, both germ and Sertoli cell development.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Proliferative activity of the developing seminiferous epithelium during prespermatogenesis in the golden hamster testis measured by bromodeoxyuridine labeling

Miething

1993

Anat Embryol

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Bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU)-labeling was used to study the cell kinetics of the developing seminiferous epithelium in the testes of golden hamsters aged 10.5 to 27.5 days post conception (dpc), i.e., during a period beginning one developmental day before testicular differentiation (11.5 dpc) and extending to the appearance of the first "mature" spermatogonia. Supporting (Sertoli) cells continuously proliferate throughout the period studied. Labeling indices amount to about 30% between the 10.5th and 16.5th dpc, and subsequently decrease to levels below 10% on the 26.5th and 27.5th dpc. Germ cells (prespermatogonia) proliferate between the 10.5th and 15.5th dpc and again, after a period of mitotic quiescence, from the 24.5th dpc onwards. This pattern of prespermatogonial proliferation substantiates and further specifies the successive appearance of M-prespermatogonia (10.5th to 15.5th dpc: proliferating), T1-prespermatogonia (16.5th to 23.5th dpc: quiescent), and T2-prespermatogonia (24.5th to 27.5th dpc: proliferating). Thus, the M-prespermatogonial phase of germ cell proliferation is shown to commence at least 24 h before testicular differentiation. Transitions from M- to T1-phase and from T1- to T2-phase are rather abrupt. Both the latter observation and the comparison with oogonial development in the female at the corresponding time (onset of meiosis) indicate the presence of an underlying control mechanism operative during prespermatogenic development. Due to different nuclear staining patterns, the BrdU-labeling method allows temporal subdivision of the S-phase, thus opening up prospects of more detailed cell-kinetic analyses of the seminiferous epithelium.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 58%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Proliferative activity of the developing seminiferous epithelium during prespermatogenesis in the golden hamster testis measured by bromodeoxyuridine labeling

Miething

1993

Anat Embryol

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“…A distinct border was observed between morphologically normal and affected areas which allowed an easy exclusion of those areas containing tubules with pycnotic nuclei from the analysis. Microscopic observation of testicular fragments at various ages cultured for 6 h showed the progressive morphological changes which occur in the rat testis during the first 10 days of life (Clermont and Perey 1957;Hilscher and Makoski 1968; Fig. 1).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Application of morphometric techniques to postnatal rat testes in organ culture: insights into testis growth

Schlatt

Yang

Meehan

et al. 1999

Cell and Tissue Research

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The extent of Sertoli cell proliferation during fetal and neonatal development determines the final adult testis size and potential for sperm output. To gain further knowledge of the factors that regulate Sertoli cell proliferation, the present study used a new approach to analyse changes in morphology and proliferation in the postnatal testis by combining organ culture with morphometric analysis. Fragments of rat testes from days 0 to 10 postpartum were cultured in contact with DMEM for 6 h or 72 h and fixed. The effects of ovine follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and activin were studied in an additional 72-h organ culture experiment using day 9 testes. Bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) was added for the last 6 h of culture to mark proliferating cells. Two-microm sections of the fragments were analysed for morphological changes of the seminiferous cords, and the proportion of BrdU-labelled Sertoli and germ cells was determined. Assessment of 6-h samples revealed growth characteristics consistent with those observed in vivo during days 1-10 of postnatal development. From day 2 onwards, the volume fraction of seminiferous cords began to increase, while significant growth in cross-sectional area of the cords occurred only after day 6. In these culture conditions, germ cell proliferation and testicular architecture was consistent with that expected for the age of the tissue at time of explant. The proportion of dividing Sertoli cells declined from 15-20% at days 0-4 postpartum to below % at day 10 postpartum in the 6-h culture, and it was low or abolished in the 3-day culture at all time points. Activin and FSH together, but not singly, stimulated Sertoli cell proliferation in the 72-h culture. This paper presents a new approach to analysis of in vitro testis development. The combination of fragment culture and stereological analysis permits rigorous and detailed assessment of developmental changes in the postnatal testis.

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Morphometric study of the prepubertal rabbit testis: Germ cell numbers and seminiferous tubule dimensions

1991

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Testes from rabbits aged 1-9 weeks were examined by light microscopy. Changes in seminiferous tubule dimensions, testicular volume, and volume fraction of tubules were assessed. Germ cells and Sertoli cells were counted in round tubular cross sections and total germ cell number in each testis was estimated. Mitotic, meiotic, and degenerative activities of germ cells as well as their basal or central positions within tubules were quantified. A marked, steady increase in testis volume and in tubular length and volume occurred over the prepubertal period; but diameter underwent no significant increase and in fact decreased until week 4. Overall, tubules lengthened 40-fold and testis volume increased 25-fold; the percentage volume of the testis occupied by tubules rose from one-third neonatally to three-fifths at the onset of spermatogenesis. The ratio of germ cells to total tubular (germ and Sertoli) cells was lowest at 3 weeks. However, the total number of germ cells increased little until 3 weeks, after which it rose at a sharp rate commensurate with testis volume. Percentage of germ cells in mitosis peaked sharply at 3 weeks, dropped in subsequent weeks, and then rose at 7 weeks at the initiation of spermatogenesis. Importantly, the surge in mitosis at 3 weeks was followed by a redistribution of germ cells to a predominantly basal location from 3 to 7 weeks. Meiotic activity was sparse at 7 weeks and became abundant by 9 weeks. Germ cell degeneration remained relatively constant during weeks 1 through 6, with an increase at 7 weeks.

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Histologische und autoradiographische Untersuchungen zur ?Pr�spermatogenese? und ?Spermatogenese? der Ratte

Cited by 47 publications

References 23 publications

Proliferative activity of the developing seminiferous epithelium during prespermatogenesis in the golden hamster testis measured by bromodeoxyuridine labeling

Proliferative activity of the developing seminiferous epithelium during prespermatogenesis in the golden hamster testis measured by bromodeoxyuridine labeling

Application of morphometric techniques to postnatal rat testes in organ culture: insights into testis growth

Morphometric study of the prepubertal rabbit testis: Germ cell numbers and seminiferous tubule dimensions

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