Histological, Spectroscopic, and Surface Analysis of Microdamage in Bone:  Toward Real-Time Analysis Using Fluorescent Sensors

Parkesh, Raman; Mohsin, Sahar; Lee, T. Clive; Gunnlaugsson, Thorfinnur

doi:10.1021/cm0625427

Cited by 25 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Staining by BaSO 4 precipitation was non-specific for damage, including all void spaces such as vasculature and free surfaces, and the staining solutions were not biocompatible. Specificity could be greatly improved by molecular or particulate contrast agents with functional groups that enable preferential binding to calcium exposed on the surfaces of microcracks or diffuse damage (Parkesh et al, 2007). Such a contrast agent could be delivered during the accumulation of damage in bone in situ.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Positron emission tomography (PET) was used to image microdamage in vivo with a sodium fluoride (Na 18 F) contrast agent (Li et al, 2005;Silva et al, 2006). Micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) was used to detect microdamage in vitro with lead sulfide (PbS) (Leng et al, 2005), barium sulfate (BaSO 4 ) (Wang et al, in press) or iodinated (Parkesh et al, 2006(Parkesh et al, , 2007 contrast agents. In particular, BaSO 4 was proposed as a more benign alternative to lead-based stains.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Micro-computed tomography of fatigue microdamage in cortical bone using a barium sulfate contrast agent

Leng

Wang

Ross

et al. 2008

Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials

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Accumulation of microdamage during fatigue can lead to increased fracture susceptibility in bone. Current techniques for imaging microdamage in bone are inherently destructive and two-dimensional. Therefore, the objective of this study was to image the accumulation of fatigue microdamage in cortical bone using micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) with a barium sulfate (BaSO(4)) contrast agent. Two symmetric notches were machined on the tensile surface of bovine cortical bone beams in order to generate damage ahead of the stress concentrations during four-point bending fatigue. Specimens were loaded to a specified number of cycles or until one notch fractured, such that the other notch exhibited the accumulation of microdamage prior to fracture. Microdamage ahead of the notch was stained in vitro by precipitation of BaSO(4) and imaged using micro-CT. Reconstructed images showed a distinct region of bright voxels around the notch tip or along propagating cracks due to the presence of BaSO(4), which was verified by backscattered electron imaging and energy dispersive spectroscopy. The shape of the stained region ahead of the notch tip was consistent with principal strain contours calculated by finite element analysis. The relative volume of the stained region was correlated with the number of loading cycles by non-linear regression using a power-law. This study demonstrates new methods for the non-destructive and three-dimensional detection of fatigue microdamage accumulation in cortical bone in vitro, which may be useful to gain further understanding into the role of microdamage in bone fragility.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Micro-computed tomography of fatigue microdamage in cortical bone using a barium sulfate contrast agent

Leng

Wang

Ross

et al. 2008

Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials

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“…The main advantages of Raman spectroscopy include its applicability to fresh tissue [24,74] and higher spatial resolution (with sampling volumes of 1 lm 3 or less) [25]. Raman spectroscopy can also be used with fixed and embedded specimens [32,80] and also to fluorescently labeled and stained specimens [21,52,75], although heavy staining may facilitate burning [50]. When combined with mechanical loading regimes, Raman spectroscopy correlates chemical information with bone failure responses at the ultrastructural level [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Raman Assessment of Bone Quality

Morris

Mandair

2011

Clinical Orthopaedics &Amp; Related Research

441

477

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Background Progress in the diagnosis and prediction of fragility fractures depends on improvements to the understating of the compositional contributors of bone quality to mechanical competence. Raman spectroscopy has been used to evaluate alterations to bone composition associated with aging, disease, or injury. Questions/purposes In this survey we will (1) review the use of Raman-based compositional measures of bone quality, including mineral-to-matrix ratio, carbonateto-phosphate ratio, collagen quality, and crystallinity; (2) review literature correlating Raman spectra with biomechanical and other physiochemical measurements and with bone health; and (3) discuss prospects for ex vivo and in vivo human subject measurements. Methods ISI Web of Science was searched for references to bone Raman spectroscopy in peer-reviewed journals. Papers from other topics have been excluded from this review, including those on pharmaceutical topics, dental tissue, tissue engineering, stem cells, and implant integration. Results Raman spectra have been reported for human and animal bone as a function of age, biomechanical status, pathology, and other quality parameters. Current literature supports the use of mineral-to-matrix ratio, carbonate-tophosphate ratio, and mineral crystallinity as measures of bone quality. Discrepancies between reports arise from the use of band intensity ratios rather than true composition ratios, primarily as a result of differing collagen band selections. Conclusions Raman spectroscopy shows promise for evaluating the compositional contributors of bone quality in ex vivo specimens, although further validation is still needed. Methodology for noninvasive in vivo assessments is still under development.

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“…We have also worked with Thorri Gunnlaugsson [35,36] and his group of chemists to develop a delayed-action fluorescent dye, so that the crack still shines even after the background bone has gone dull, which makes histological detection much easier and, potentially, machine readable. We looked at the damaged crystal lattice of the crack walls and developed an iodine-based agent which could chelate to calcium and be visible using non-invasive microCT [37].…”

Section: Microdamagementioning

confidence: 99%

Anatomists and Geometers: 16th Samuel Haughton Lecture of the Royal Academy of Medicine in Ireland

Lee

2010

Ir J Med Sci

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This paper is concerned with the interactions between medics and biologists on the one hand, the 'anatomists' of the title, and 'geometers', or engineers and physicists, on the other. It was delivered as the 16th annual Samuel Haughton Lecture on 23rd January 2010 at the Bioengineering in Ireland conference in Malahide. The paper begins with Samuel Haughton, the father of Irish biomechanics, and then discusses how anatomists and geometers have cooperated to solve problems in the areas of bone adaptation, fatigue microdamage, osteoporosis, third-level education and even art.

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Histological, Spectroscopic, and Surface Analysis of Microdamage in Bone: Toward Real-Time Analysis Using Fluorescent Sensors

Cited by 25 publications

References 44 publications

Micro-computed tomography of fatigue microdamage in cortical bone using a barium sulfate contrast agent

Micro-computed tomography of fatigue microdamage in cortical bone using a barium sulfate contrast agent

Raman Assessment of Bone Quality

Anatomists and Geometers: 16th Samuel Haughton Lecture of the Royal Academy of Medicine in Ireland

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