Histological pattern of esophageal cancer at BP Koirala memorial cancer hospital in Nepal: a three year retrospective study

Pun, CB; Aryal, Gopi; Basyal, R; Shrestha, Surendra Lal; Pathak, T; Bastola, Soniya; Neupane, Samir; Shrestha, Badri Man; Thakur, Binay; Mc, Lee

doi:10.3126/jpn.v2i4.6877

Cited by 7 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Adenocarcinoma is the predominant type in Western countries (82). In the US, adenocarcinoma of the oesophagus is reported to be the most common malignancy with the fastest growing incidence, having increased six times in three decades (82,83). This contrasts with studies from the US in which adenocarcinoma accounted for 81% and squamous cell carcinoma for 17% (84).…”

Section: Developing Countries Outside Of the Oc Cancer Corridormentioning

confidence: 99%

A multinational review: Oesophageal cancer in low to middle‑income countries (Review)

et al. 2020

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Oesophageal cancer (OC) is an aggressive neoplasm that manifests in the gastrointestinal tract and is the result of numerous factors that can contribute to the development of the disease. These may include old age, nutritional deficiencies, oesophageal obstruction and food ingestion difficulties. Environmental factors serve a large role in increasing the risk of developing OC. Two factors that serve an increasing risk of developing OC are the use of tobacco and the consumption of alcohol. Genetic factors also exhibit a large effect on the risk of developing OC, for example, the causative genes in Black Africans differ from other races. OC is 3-4 times more common among men than women. OC has been previously reported in >450 000 individuals worldwide, and its incidence is increasing. The current review compares OC in low to middle-income countries with developed countries. The incidence of OC, particularly squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is high in low and middle-income countries. In developed countries, the incidence of SCC is low compared with adenocarcinoma. The majority of OC cases are diagnosed in the late stages of the disease, leading to high mortality rates. The current review aimed to discuss factors that contribute to the development of this disease in different geographical areas and genetic mechanisms governing these findings. The current review also aims to discuss the preventative treatment options for the disease, and also discusses the diagnosis and surveillance in five LMICs, including South Africa, China, Tanzania, India and Brazil. Contents 1. Introduction 2. Methods 3. Oesophageal cancer risk Factors 4. Epidemiology of oesophageal cancer 5. Oesophageal cancer in low to middle countries compared to developed countries 6. Molecular epidemiology of oesophageal cancer 7. Diagnosis and prognosis of oesophageal cancer 8. Oesophageal cancer treatment 9. Conclusions

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Section: Developing Countries Outside Of the Oc Cancer Corridormentioning

confidence: 99%

A multinational review: Oesophageal cancer in low to middle‑income countries (Review)

et al. 2020

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“…There are two main histological types; squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma. Worldwide, squamous cell carcinoma is the predominant histological type [ 13 ]. The peak age of incidence of squamous cell carcinoma is in the sixth decade in most studies, although adenocarcinoma appears to be commoner in males under the age of 40 years [ 12 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The peak age of incidence of squamous cell carcinoma is in the sixth decade in most studies, although adenocarcinoma appears to be commoner in males under the age of 40 years [ 12 ]. Worldwide, a higher incidence of esophageal cancer is seen in men with an average 3- to 4-fold increased rate for squamous cell carcinoma and a 7- to 10-fold increased rate for adenocarcinoma compared to women [ 12 , 13 ]. There is racial variation in the histological types with predominance of squamous cell carcinoma in black populations, representing over 90% of all esophageal cancers in Africa [ 14 - 16 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There is racial variation in the histological types with predominance of squamous cell carcinoma in black populations, representing over 90% of all esophageal cancers in Africa [ 14 - 16 ]. Adenocarcinoma is the predominant type in Western countries [ 13 ]. In the US, adenocarcinoma of the esophagus is reported to be the most common malignancy with the fastest growing incidence, having increased six times in three decades [ 13 , 16 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Endoscopic and clinicopathological patterns of esophageal cancer in Tanzania: experiences from two tertiary health institutions

et al. 2013

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BackgroundEsophageal cancer is one of the most serious gastrointestinal cancer worldwide, owing to its rapid development and fatal prognoses in most cases. There is a paucity of published data regarding esophageal cancer in Tanzania and the study area in particular. This study was conducted to describe the endoscopic and clinicopathological patterns of esophageal cancer in this part of the world. The study provides baseline local data for future comparison.MethodsThis was a retrospective study of histologically confirmed cases of esophageal cancer seen at Bugando Medical Center and Muhimbili National Hospital between March 2008 and February 2013. Data were retrieved from medical record computer database and analyzed using SPSS computer software version 17.0.ResultsA total of 328 esophageal cancer patients were enrolled in the study, representing 25.3% of all malignant gastrointestinal tract tumors. The male to female ratio was 2.2:1. The median age of patients at presentation was 47 years. The majority of patients (86.6%) were peasants coming from the rural areas. Smoking and alcohol consumption were documented in 74.7% and 61.6% of patients respectively. Family history of esophageal cancer was reported in 4.6% of cases. The majority of patients (81.7%) presented late with advanced stage of cancer. Progressive dysphagia and weight loss were the most common presenting symptoms occurring in all patients. The middle third esophagus (58.5%) was the most frequent anatomical site for esophageal cancer followed by lower third (27.4%) and upper third esophagus (10.4%). Squamous cell carcinoma (96.0%) was the most common histopathological type. Adenocarcinoma occurred in 13 (4.0%) patients. TNM staging was documented in only 104 (31.7%) patients. Of these, 102(98.1%) patients were diagnosed with advanced esophageal cancer (Stages III and IV). According to tumor grading, most of tumors were moderately differentiated accounting for 56.1% of cases. Distant metastasis was documented in 43.3% of patients.ConclusionEsophageal cancer is not uncommon in this region and shows a trend towards a relative young age at presentation and the majority of patients present late with advanced stage. There is a need for screening of high-risk populations and detecting esophageal cancer at an early stage in order to improve chances for successful treatment and survival.

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“…25 (49%), followed by 16 (31.4%) cases with 51 to 60 years and 10 (19.6%) cases were in age group <50 years ( Fig 1a). Pun CB et al (4) studied histological pattern of esophageal cancer in one of the largest cancer centers in Nepal. Total of 106 cases of esophageal cancer were received out of which 51 cases were in the age group of more than 60 yrs.…”

Section: Agementioning

confidence: 99%

Prognostic Factors for Oesophageal Cancer

Rege¹

2017

JMSCR

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Histological pattern of esophageal cancer at BP Koirala memorial cancer hospital in Nepal: a three year retrospective study

Cited by 7 publications

References 25 publications

A multinational review: Oesophageal cancer in low to middle‑income countries (Review)

A multinational review: Oesophageal cancer in low to middle‑income countries (Review)

Endoscopic and clinicopathological patterns of esophageal cancer in Tanzania: experiences from two tertiary health institutions

Prognostic Factors for Oesophageal Cancer

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