Histological Changes of the Human Placenta in Pregnancies Complicated with Diabetes

Treesh, Soad A.; Khair, Nadia Said Badawy

doi:10.4172/2157-7099.1000307

Cited by 10 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Dysregulation of growth factors and their receptors may be responsible for placental and fetal changes in diabetes like enhanced growth and hypervascularization [18]. A significant increase in syncytial knots [Fig4] formation was noted in villi of diabetic placentae (85%) in comparison to placentae of control group (15%) and our results were consistent with the findings of previous studies [5]. Villous oedema [ Fig 5] was observed in 50% of diabetic placentas and only 05% in normal placentas.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

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Can diabetes with controlled glycemic status cause placental changes and affect foetal outcome? A histomorphology study from a tertiary care centre from Eastern India

Mishra¹,

Chakrabarti

2017

Int J Med Res Rev

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Background: Normal foetal development and postnatal survival depends on healthy placenta. The adverse effects of diabetes on pregnancy and related foetal outcomes are well established and through this study we have attempted to study the intensity of damage caused, by examining the gross and microscopic features of placenta along with histochemical changes. Material and Methods: This was a prospective study undertaken in a tertiary teaching hospital in which a total of 80 cases of term pregnancy were studied, out of which 40 were from diabetic mothers and 40 were from non diabetic mothers. Biochemical parameters of all the cases were studied. All placenta were examined on the basis of gross features, histological & histochemical changes. Results: In the present study, it was noted that gross morphology of placenta was not much altered between diabetic and normal mothers but showed marked variation in the histological findings. On microscopic examination, marked basement membrane thickening, vascular proliferation, chorangiosis, syncytial knots, villous fibrosis and edema were noted among diabetic mothers and most common postnatal complication of newborns among diabetic mothers was macrosomia. Conclusion: This study highlights the impact of gestational and pregestational diabetes mellitus on placenta as observed by the magnitude of histological changes inspite of having controlled glycemic status either by diet or insulin and associated postnatal morbidities of newborns.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Maternal glucose intolerance is detected in 3-10% of pregnancy [5]. Hence in present study an attempt was made to investigate the histopathological changes in placenta of pregnancies complicated by diabetes with controlled diabetic status as compared to normal pregnancies and to enrich our knowledge with respect to histochemical changes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Can diabetes with controlled glycemic status cause placental changes and affect foetal outcome? A histomorphology study from a tertiary care centre from Eastern India

Mishra¹,

Chakrabarti

2017

Int J Med Res Rev

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“…Treesh et al, in 2015, in Libya, studied 7 control and 13 GDM placentae and observed that there is an increased number of villous capillaries and dilated blood vessels in diabetic placentae, 13 but did not distinguish central and peripheral zones.…”

Section: B Microscopic Studies: In 2011 Tewari Et Al Obtained Specimens From the Government Medical Collegesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gross and Histological Alteration in the Placenta in Gestational Diabetes - A Comparative Study

Asha¹,

Tintu²,

Asha³

2020

JMS

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Introduction: the placenta is a fetomaternal organ that separates the maternal and fetal circulation. It is a vital organ for fetal development and is a mirror of the maternal and fetal status. The essential elements of the placenta are the chorionic villi from the fetal side and the decidual plate from the maternal side. Fetal blood circulates through capillaries in the villi. The villi are surrounded by maternal blood. The maternal and fetal bloods are separated by a very thin placental membrane. The fully formed placenta is ~ 6 inches in diameter and weighs ~ 500 g. Its metabolic functions are complex and it undergoes changes continuously throughout gestation in weight, structure, shape and function in order to support prenatal life. Materials and Methods: a total of 50 gestational diabetic mellitus (GDM) and 50 normal placentae were utilized for the present study. Placental shape was visualized, classified, and the weight, volume, thickness and circumference of the placenta were measured. Tissue for histological examination was taken from central and peripheral zones of the placenta. Microscopic findings, number of villi, diameter of the villi, number of capillaries in each villi, and the diameter of capillaries were noted. Results: macroscopically, there is increase in weight, volume, and circumference of GDM placentae than in the control group. The present study also showed an increase in number and diameter of villi and in the number of capillaries in each villus in the gestational diabetic mellitus placentae other than control group and it is statistically significant. Conclusion: the present study supports that there is very a strong relationship between placenta morphometry and diabetes mellitus.

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“…2 Placental function includes integration of signals between the mother and the foetus to match foetal demand with the maternal nutrient supply. 3 The five layered diffusion barrier between the fetal & maternal circulation helps in exchange of gases & other substances and at the same time separates the mother and foetal blood. 2 Both structure and function of the placenta keeps changing during the entire course of pregnancy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological and histological variations of human placenta in pregnancies affected with preeclampsia and gestational diabetes – A review

Vinod

Pushpalatha²,

S³

2022

IJOGR

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The placenta is a transitory organ that is situated between the mother and the foetus. This vital organ which has nutritional, endocrine and immunologic functions so as to maintain pregnancy and promote fetal development. Several factors are related to the proper functioning of the placenta including foetal and maternal blood flow, appropriate nutrients, expression and function of receptors and transporters, and also the morphology of the placenta itself. Gestational hypertension and gestational diabetes are among the most frequent obstetric disorders during pregnancy. Pregnancies complicated with one or both of these disorders are also associated with adverse consequences for the mother and infant (both acute and long-term). Preeclampsia being one of the toxemias of pregnancy is a condition of increased blood pressure accompanied by proteinuria, edema or both. Various changes like increased syncytial knots, cytotrophoblastic cell proliferation, villous stromal fibrosis and fibrinoid necrosis was observed in placenta from preeclamptic cases. Diabetes mellitus can be defined as a chronic disorder marked by high blood glucose levels and a disruption in fat and protein metabolism. In pregnancies affected by diabetes mellitus also several changes occur like placental size, increased glycogen deposits, increased volume of intervillous space and terminal villi, fibrinoid areas, and glycogen deposits compared to others.All these changes may result in functional changes in this organ thus limiting the wellbeing of the developing foetus. Therefore, this review as a whole gives an overview of morphological changes at macroscopic and histological levels seen in the placenta from gestational diabetes and preeclampsia.

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Histological Changes of the Human Placenta in Pregnancies Complicated with Diabetes

Cited by 10 publications

References 25 publications

Can diabetes with controlled glycemic status cause placental changes and affect foetal outcome? A histomorphology study from a tertiary care centre from Eastern India

Can diabetes with controlled glycemic status cause placental changes and affect foetal outcome? A histomorphology study from a tertiary care centre from Eastern India

Gross and Histological Alteration in the Placenta in Gestational Diabetes - A Comparative Study

Morphological and histological variations of human placenta in pregnancies affected with preeclampsia and gestational diabetes – A review

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