Histological Changes in the Trachea and Bronchi With Tracheostomy

Laryngotracheal obstruction complicating tracheostomy or endotracheal intubation with assisted respiration. A critical review.

“…Infection The importance of infection has been discussed by many workers (Putney, 1955;Toremalm, 1960;Meade, 1961;Stiles, 1965a;Gibson, 1967;Johnston et al, 1967;Sara, 1967;Deverall, 1967;Campbell, 1968;Pearson et al, 1968;Griulo, 1969a;Cooper and Grillo, 1969). Infection of the wound and airways develops in nearly all cases of tracheostomy and IPPV (Stiles, 1965a;Gibson, 1967;Pearson et al, 1968).…”

Influence of different climates on the peak expiratory flow in laryngectomees

“…The ciliary function of the respiratory tract is extremely vulnerable, and the main factors which damage it are trauma, infection, smoking and inadequate humidification (Sara, 1967;B0, 1971;Toremalm, 1972;Sackner, 1978). Ciliary function ceases when the relative air humidity falls below 60 per cent (Toremalm, 1972).…”

“…These conditions have an unfortunate influence on laryngectomees, who are deprived of the protective effects of the upper airway (Sara, 1967;Toremalm, 1972). In general, laryngectomees have less respiratory tract problems during the summer time than during the winter season (Natvig, 1984).…”

Prolonged (Therapeutic) Endotracheal Intubation

“…The patient may require repeated laryngeal dilatation or mobilization of the arytenoids (Taylor, Nightingale and Simpson, 1966;Harrison and Tonkin, 1967). The patient may be faced with a semipermanent tracheostomy and with a lesion the treatment of which offers great surgical difficulty (Allen and Steven, 1965;Sara, 1967).…”