Histological and Ultrastructural Examinations of Porcine Tonsils

Zhi-Xue, Liu; Yu, Qinghua; Li, Pengcheng; Yang, Qian

doi:10.1002/ar.21534

Cited by 20 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 25 publications

(30 reference statements)

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“…This is in accordance with the reports of Casteleyn et al (2011) in sheep. Contrary to this, light microscopy of the tonsil of soft palate in pigs by Belz and Heath (1996) and Liu et al (2012) revealed deep crypts with distinct neck and body. In both the pseudostratified ciliated columnar and stratified squamous epithelium lined regions, the height of the reticular epithelium measured 32.27±7.92µm and 51.37±2.08µm, respectively.…”

contrasting

confidence: 56%

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Histological studies on the tonsil of soft palate in goats

Indu

Lucy

2015

IJAR

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Histological studies were conducted on the tonsil of soft palate in six month-old male crossbred goats. The tonsil was located on the nasopharyngeal side of the soft palate. The tonsillar surface epithelium presented small folds and was lined by pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium in the rostral half and stratified squamous epithelium in the caudal part. The epithelium mounting over the lymphoid accumulation or follicle associated epithelium was modified into a lympho-epithelium and was disrupted and heavily infiltrated by lymphocytes. Distinct crypts were not seen. In the lamina propria, lymphoid tissue constituted only a small portion of the tonsil and only two to three nodules were seen per low power microscopic field. Most of the lymphoid nodules had germinal centers. The average diameter of the nodules was 131.97±8.03 µm. Loose irregular connective tissue, lymphoid tissue and glands comprised the propria submucosa. The tonsil of soft palate was not encapsulated.

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contrasting

confidence: 56%

“…In contrast, according to Belz and Heath (1996) and Liu et al (2012) in pigs and Kumar and Timoney (2006) in equines, the tonsil of soft palate was located rostrally on the oral surface of the soft palate.…”

mentioning

confidence: 90%

Histological studies on the tonsil of soft palate in goats

Indu

Lucy

2015

IJAR

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“…In the interfollicular and parafollicular areas meshwork of reticular and collagen fibres contained small, medium and large lymphocytes, plasma cells, macrophages, blood capillaries and HEVs (Fig.7). All these observations made in the present study tally with the reports of Belz and Heath (1996) and Liu et al (2012) in pigs and Kumar and Timoney (2006) in horse.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

“…3). Belz and Heath (1996) and Liu et al (2012) made similar observations on the morphology of the tonsils in pigs. In contrast Cocquyt et al (2005) and Yang et al (2011) observed that the tonsil of the soft palate consisted of scattered nodules of lymphoid tissue located on the dorsal (nasal) side of the soft palate in sheep and camel respectively.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 55%

Histomorphological comparison of tonsil of Large WhiteYorkshire and indigenous pigs of Kerala, India

K.S

Indu

Usha

et al. 2017

IJAR

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The present study was undertaken to compare the distribution and histomorphology of the tonsil of soft palate in Large White Yorkshire and indigenous pigs of Kerala. Tissue samples were collected from12 apparently healthy adult male animals. In both the groups of pigs, the tonsil of soft palate was located in the oropharynx and was found to be larger in Large White Yorkshire. Histological structure of tonsil of soft palate revealed that the average number of lymphatic nodules per microscopic field and lymphocyte count per nodule was maximum in indigenous pigs. Statistically significant differences were recorded in the average size of tonsils, crypt depth, number and size of lymphatic nodules and lymphocyte count per nodule in Large White Yorkshire and indigenous pigs.

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“…The tonsils of the soft palate have been recognized in many studies as the main pharyngeal mucosa-associated lymphoid tissues in swine (12,14,15,37). However, this finding might indicate that other mucosa-associated lymphoid tissues located in the oropharyngeal area, including other tonsils, play a significant role in initiating immune responses against antigens in contact with mucosal surfaces (38).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tonsils of the Soft Palate Do Not Mediate the Response of Pigs to Oral Vaccination with Heat-Inactivated Mycobacterium bovis

Beltrán‐Beck¹,

Romero²,

Boadella³

et al. 2014

Clin. Vaccine Immunol.

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f Mycobacterium bovis causes animal tuberculosis (TB) in cattle, humans, and other mammalian species, including pigs. The goal of this study was to experimentally assess the responses of pigs with and without a history of tonsillectomy to oral vaccination with heat-inactivated M. bovis and challenge with a virulent M. bovis field strain, to compare pig and wild boar responses using the same vaccination model as previously used in the Eurasian wild boar (Sus scrofa), to evaluate the use of several enzymelinked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) and lateral flow tests for in vivo TB diagnosis in pigs, and to verify if these tests are influenced by oral vaccination with inactivated M. bovis. At necropsy, the lesion and culture scores were 20% to 43% higher in the controls than those in the vaccinated pigs. Massive M. bovis growth from thoracic tissue samples was observed in 4 out of 9 controls but in none of the 10 vaccinated pigs. No effect of the presence or absence of tonsils was observed on these scores, suggesting that tonsils are not involved in the protective response to this vaccine in pigs. The serum antibody levels increased significantly only after challenge. At necropsy, the estimated sensitivities of the ELISAs and dual path platform (DPP) assays ranged from 89% to 94%. In the oral mucosa, no differences in gene expression were observed in the control group between the pigs with and without tonsils. In the vaccinated group, the mRNA levels for chemokine (C-C motif) receptor 7 (CCR7), interferon beta (IFN-␤), and methylmalonyl coenzyme A mutase (MUT) were higher in pigs with tonsils. Complement component 3 mRNA levels in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) increased with vaccination and decreased after M. bovis challenge. This information is relevant for pig production in regions that are endemic for M. bovis and for TB vaccine research.

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Histological and Ultrastructural Examinations of Porcine Tonsils

Cited by 20 publications

References 25 publications

Histological studies on the tonsil of soft palate in goats

Histological studies on the tonsil of soft palate in goats

Histomorphological comparison of tonsil of Large WhiteYorkshire and indigenous pigs of Kerala, India

Tonsils of the Soft Palate Do Not Mediate the Response of Pigs to Oral Vaccination with Heat-Inactivated Mycobacterium bovis

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