Histological and Immunohistochemical Studies on the Preparation of Leukocyte‐Poor Red Cell Concentrates by Filtration: The Filtration Process on Cellulose Acetate Fibers

Steneker, I.; Biewenga, Jeike

doi:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1990.tb02089.x

Cited by 20 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 14 publications

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“…Cotton wool fibers were first used as the filter material to remove leucocytes from blood [6]. Subsequently, different synthetic material fibers were developed for the leucocyte filtration technique, which includes cellulose acetate [7], polyethylene terephthalate (PET) [5], polyurethane [8], polybutylene terephthalate [9,10], polypropylene (PP) [11], polyethylene vinyl alcohol (EVAL) [12], etc. In addition, recent studies of leucocyte depletion techniques revealed that many physical and chemical methods were used for modifying material surface characteristics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of 4T-PET fibers/nonwovens for leucocyte filters

Huang

Lin

et al. 2018

Journal of Industrial Textiles

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Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fiber with four T-lobe cross section (4T-fiber) has been applied to textile products due to the structural characteristic of micro-grooved channels to provide the high wicking, warming, and elastic properties. In this study, nonwoven (NW) filters composed of one layer of 4T-PET NW (containing 65% 4T-fibers) with one, three, or five layers of polypropylene (PP) NW (4T-PET NW + PP NW × 1, 3, or 5) were proposed for blood filtration to remove leucocytes to reduce blood transfusion-related adverse reactions. The removal rate of leucocytes could be enhanced when the PP NW layers were increased. The presence of the 4T-PET NW on the surface of five layers of PP NW (4T-PET NW + PP NW × 5) filters resulted in a higher erythrocyte recovery rate without losing the capability to remove leucocytes and platelets. Based on the theoretical analysis, leucodepletion filters were further prepared by stacking four 4T-PET NW + PP NW × 5 units together. The optimum filtration results of the filters for filtrating 110 mL of red blood cell concentrates could be prepared when four units of 4T-PET NW + PP × 5 NW placed in a series combination.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of 4T-PET fibers/nonwovens for leucocyte filters

Huang

Lin

et al. 2018

Journal of Industrial Textiles

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Asymmetric membrane filters for the removal of leukocytes from blood

Bruil

Aken

Beugeling

et al. 1991

J. Biomed. Mater. Res.

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As part of a study on the mechanisms of leukocyte filtration, the influence of pore size distribution on filter efficiency was investigated. Conventional leukocyte filters are not suitable for model studies, as these filters are composed of tightly packed synthetic fibers, with a poorly defined porous structure. Therefore, open cellular polyurethane membranes with pore size distributions varying from approximately 15 to 65 microns were prepared. Filtration experiments with stacked packages of these membranes showed that leukocytes are best removed (greater than 99%) by filters with a pore size distribution of 11-19 microns. These pore sizes approach the size of leukocytes (6-12 microns). However, due to fast clogging, blood flow through these filters is rapidly reduced, which results in a low filter capacity. With an asymmetric membrane filter, in which the pore size decreases from about 65 to 15 microns in the direction of blood flow, both moderate removal of leukocytes (greater than 80%) and maintenance of flow (approximately 0.2 mL/s) are obtained. This results in efficient leukocyte removal. From cell analysis of both filtrate and filter, it is concluded that adhesion rather than sieving is the major filtration mechanism. Thus, further optimization of the filter may be achieved by surface modification.

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Poly(ethyleneimine) modified filters for the removal of leukocytes from blood

Bruil

Oosterom

Steneker

et al. 1993

J. Biomed. Mater. Res.

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Polyurethane membrane filters and filters coated with poly(ethyleneimine) were used to investigate the influence of leukocyte adhesion during filtration. Treatment of the filters with an aqueous solution of 1% (w/v) poly(ethyleneimine) (PEI) led to the introduction of amine groups at the filter surfaces, as was confirmed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The modification procedure did not significantly change the porous structure in the filters, as was demonstrated by SEM and porometry. Using 14C-labeled poly(ethyleneimine) it was shown that nearly a complete coverage (approximately 0.1 mg/m2) was achieved that did not desorb from the filter surface during contact with blood plasma. When the filtration was carried out with purified leukocytes in the absence of red cells, platelets, and blood plasma, the number of cells removed by modified filters (> 95%) was significantly higher as compared to the removal with unmodified filters (approximately 80%). However, no significant differences between the filters were found when the filtration was performed with whole blood. This finding was unexpected, because it was shown before that immobilization of poly(ethyleneimine) on solid polyurethane film, surfaces promoted the adhesion of leukocytes from whole blood. Apparently, the adhesive properties of the PEI diminish during filtration. Filter coating of commercial leukocyte filters composed of polyester fibers also had no effect on the removal of leukocytes from whole blood. It was postulated that morphological factors, such as filter shape, roughness, tortuosity, and porosity rather than the physicochemical properties of the filter surface influence cell adhesion to the filter surface, and through that the filtration process.

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Histological and Immunohistochemical Studies on the Preparation of Leukocyte‐Poor Red Cell Concentrates by Filtration: The Filtration Process on Cellulose Acetate Fibers

Cited by 20 publications

References 14 publications

Application of 4T-PET fibers/nonwovens for leucocyte filters

Application of 4T-PET fibers/nonwovens for leucocyte filters

Asymmetric membrane filters for the removal of leukocytes from blood

Poly(ethyleneimine) modified filters for the removal of leukocytes from blood

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