Histological and Histomorphometrical Evaluation of a New Implant Macrogeometry. A Sheep Study

Abstract

Decompression or healing chambers between the threads have been proposed to improve and accelerate the osseointegration process of dental implants. The aim of the present work was to test, in an in vivo sheep study, if healing chambers between the threads could produce a better osseointegration process. Thirty titanium implants (15 conventional design (control) and 15 implants with healing chambers (test)) were inserted in a random fashion in the tibia of 3 sheep. The animals were euthanized after 30 days of healing, and the retrieved specimens treated to obtain thin ground sections. Histological observations showed that the quantity of newly formed bone growing in an apical direction was lower in the control group (1095 µm) when compared to the Test group (1658 µm). This difference was statistically significant. Moreover, a layer of osteogenic matrix was present around the portion of implants immersed in the marrow spaces. This osteogenic tissue was thicker in the test group. In conclusion, the present study confirmed the very good results in implants with healing chambers that presented a higher percentage of new bone formation.

Osseodensification Drilling vs. Standard Protocol of Implant Site Preparation: An In Vitro Study on Polyurethane Foam Sheets

“…The implant site osteotomy represents a key surgical phase to obtain primary stability during the screw positioning in clinical practice [1][2][3]. In the literature, the primary stability has been demonstrated as a necessary condition to obtain the osseointegration of the dental implant, in order to support the masticatory loading [2,4,5].…”

An in vitro evaluation on polyurethane foam sheets of the insertion torque, removal torque values, and resonance frequency analysis (RFA) of a self-tapping threads and round apex implant

“…12 –15 Comuzzi et al reported that, in standardized condition on low-density polyurethane study, the macro-geometry induced the main effect on the primary stability, while the osseodensification drilling procedure produced the more visible effect on stability in presence of a residual cortical bone. 16 Moreover, Gehrke et al reported the key role of the implant macro-geometry on a sheep study, while the self-tapping and round apex macro-geometry is able to influence significantly the percentage of new bone formation and the deposition of highly vascularized osteogenic matrix within the marrow spaces, 17 where the number and thickness of bone trabeculae increase with the loading of the dental implants. 18 In vivo, no radiographical and hystological evidence in crestal bone resorption were present were evident between the osseodensification procedure, 19 –21 the drilling technique 22 and ultrasonic device approach.…”

Comparative Evaluation of Primary Stability between Different Diameters Multi-Scale Roughness Dental Implant by Solid Rigid Polyurethane Simulation

“…The solid rigid polyurethane bone block has been proposed as a valuable material for orthopedics and maxillofacial medical devices [5,11,33]. The material is available in different densities and microstructures able to simulate the mechanical and physical properties of human bone and its cortical and cancellous components [34].…”