Histologic and scanning electron microscopic study of the glenoid labrum

Nishida, Keiichiro; Hashizume, Hidetoshi; Toda, Kazukiyo; Inoue, Hajime

doi:10.1016/s1058-2746(96)80008-5

Cited by 43 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…So, no definitive fibrocartilaginous tissue was found during the prenatal life as the adult labrum had a decreased cell density and a large content of matrix. These results are in agreement with those of Gardner and Gray [1953] and Prodromos et al [1990] in prenatal developing joints and with those of Fawcett [1994] and Nishida et al [1996] in adult joints, who reported that the glenoid labrum was a fibrocartilaginous structure. But our results do not agree with those of Cooper et al [1992] and Huber and Putz [1997] who suggested that most of the adult labrum consisted of fibrous tissue without chondrocytes.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…These studies gave insufficient information about accurate changes in the morphological development of articular surfaces of this joint. Many recent studies dealt with the internal structures of the shoulder joint especially the glenoid labrum and its associated structures but all of them were confined only to the adult one [Pal et al, 1991;Cooper et al, 1992;Vangsness et al, 1994;Nishida et al, 1996;Huber and Putz, 1997].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Developmental Morphological and Histological Studies on Structures of the Human Fetal Shoulder Joint

Mahasen

Sadek²

2001

Cells Tissues Organs

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In the present work, morphological changes in the interior structures of the developing human shoulder joint were studied at different prenatal ages (9, 12, 16, 23 and 40 weeks) and were compared with the same structures in the adult joint. It was found that the shoulder joint had gone through important developmental changes during the 12th week of the prenatal life and it is assumed that genetic factors operative during this stage of development were more important than mechanical factors. A subsequent development of the intracapsular glenohumeral ligaments was present at the 16th week. The glenoid labrum, the biceps tendon and the three glenohumeral ligaments formed a complete ring around the glenoid fossa which constituted a functional unit, which seemed to have a role in stabilizing the joint. In the present work, histological prenatal studies were done on sagittal and radial sections from the glenoid fossa and its associated structures and the results were compared with the same structures in adults. At a crown-rump length of 30 mm (9 weeks), intermingling of the collagen fibres of the superior labrum and the biceps tendon was observed and the superior labrum could be considered as an extension of the biceps tendon. While the superior and inferior parts of the labrum appeared fibrous, the posterior labrum appeared as a primitive cellular condensation. At the 12th week, it became a fibrocellular structure and changed to a fibrocartilaginous structure at the 16th week. But until full term, no definitive fibrocartilage was found due to its hypercellularity compared to the adult. It was found that at all ages, the capsule was formed of cellular and fibrous elements, its collagenous content was progressively increased with age and at full term, it became generally fibrous but was still different compared to adults. In all stages of development, the synovial tissue of different regions of the same joint exhibited marked variations in thickness, vascularity, cellular density and collagenous content. It lined the capsule, surrounded the biceps tendon and reflected on the labrum. Its cell density as well as their vascular and collagenous contents were progressively increased with age. At full term, the synovial tissue was thickest at its inferior reflection and forming large folds. The synovial tissue lining the capsule was thinner than the synovial tissue at its reflection from the labrum, many villi and processes arising from it and projecting into the joint cavity.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developmental Morphological and Histological Studies on Structures of the Human Fetal Shoulder Joint

Mahasen

Sadek²

2001

Cells Tissues Organs

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“…This was necessary because the glenoid is not perfectly circular, and a single cylindrical coordinate system, positioned at the center of the glenoid, was found to poorly align with the transverse plane of the labrum in the anterior and posterior regions. The use of a homogeneous and transversely isotropic material also does not reflect the fibrillar nature 26 and distinct microstructural regions 20 that have been found in the literature. The modeling technique used in the current model is an approximation, and this material alignment and modeling method could be improved.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…If these data could not be obtained, material properties were obtained from either previous finite element models analyzing the same tissue or from laboratory experiments of similar tissue. The labrum is described as a fibrocartilaginous tissue with circumferentially oriented fibers, 26,31,39 thus the labrum was modeled using a homogeneous, linear elastic, and transversely isotropic material; the five independent parameters defining this material are in Table 1. Elastic moduli for the labrum were obtained from the literature Finite Element Model of the Superior Glenoid Labrum of experimental testing on human glenoid labra, 9,36 whereas other material properties for the labrum were obtained from the literature related to the knee meniscus, 47 which is structurally and functionally similar to the labrum.…”

Section: Finite Element Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and Validation of a Finite Element Model of the Superior Glenoid Labrum

et al. 2010

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Pathology of the superior glenoid labrum is a common source of musculoskeletal pain and disability. One of the proposed mechanisms of injury to the labrum is superior humeral head migration, which can be seen with rotator cuff insufficiency. Due to the size, anatomical location, and complex composition of the labrum, laboratory experiments have many methodological difficulties. The purpose of this study was to develop and validate a finite element model of the glenoid labrum. The model developed includes the glenoid labrum, glenoid cartilage, glenoid bone, and the humeral head cartilage. Labral displacements derived from the finite element model were compared to those measured during a controlled validation experiment simulating superior humeral head translations of 1, 2, and 3 mm. The results of the finite element model compared well to experimental measurements, falling within one standard deviation of the experimental data in most cases. The model predicted maximum average strains in the superior labrum of 7.9, 10.1, and 11.9%, for 1, 2, and 3 mm of humeral translation, respectively. The correspondence between the finite element model and the validation experiment supports the use of this model to better understand the pathomechanics of the superior labrum.

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“…9.9 ). There are three layers in the labrum: a thin meshlike superfi cial layer, a stratifi ed middle layer, and a circumferential deep layer [ 29 ]. The fi bers that merge with the articular cartilage and capsule are radially orientated [ 2 ].…”

Section: Histological Anatomy Of the Labrummentioning

confidence: 99%