Histoire du sport en France

Callède, Jean-Paul

doi:10.4000/books.msha.15918

Cited by 11 publications

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“…At the time, French athletics organizations were reserved for men. As a way to make headlines and attract the attention of the general public, Paul Rousseau (7), the director of Le Monde Sportif and the founder of the first federation of cycling and of boxing, organized this racewalking competition (8). It fit into the category described by the ethnologist Anne Monjaret as above all "popular playful events," or even "street shows," organized by and on behalf of the press (9).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Of course, historians are extremely dependent on existing archives-mainly press articles-to write this story, and these offer scarce accurate descriptions of these sportswomen (8). There are few interviews and few leads to retrace their careers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a similar way, the press was prone to describing how women's events "ape" men's, but cannot be as important (8). They were viewed as "exhibitions"-only men's sport was considered a serious, legitimate business.…”

Section: Depicting the Sportswoman As Exhibitionistmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This point of view, which can be placed politically in the antifeminist camp, is sometimes found in the history of sportswomen. This may be partly because sources on these first practitioners are rare, for the most part consisting of articles in media (8). Then as now, the media often sought out controversy to boost sales, and accusations of immorality against sportswomen seemed to be effective at whipping up indignation regarding an event organized by a rival newspaper.…”

Section: Depicting the Sportswoman As Exhibitionistmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These turn-of-the-century media sources therefore contain significant bias: gender bias and commercial bias. Philippe Tétart takes the example of the articles of G. de Moncontour, "editor of La France Cycliste, vice-consul of the Union Vélocipédique de France (the main cycling union) and president of the Northern Coast Cycling Club," who in 1891 described women's cycling competitions as "exhibitions of cocottes" a term that can refer to hens, cheap perfume or, more pejoratively, prostitutes (8,30).…”

Section: Depicting the Sportswoman As Exhibitionistmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Rethinking sports history to include sportswomen in 1900s France

Castan-Vicente

2023

Front. Sports Act. Living

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In the history of French sport, the practice of physical activities by women is essentially considered non-existent before the 1920s, with the exception of a few aristocratic women. Although this idea persists, it has been challenged by recent research on early sportswomen. These studies raise the question of the scope of sports history, and indeed the very definition of sports itself. These are usually defined in the social sciences as physical activities that are organized, codified and institutionalized, structured by clubs and federations. While at the beginning of the 20th century these clubs and federations were most often closed to women, this does not mean that women were not practicing sports. Physical activities were gaining increasing popularity among women even before this time, and not only among the upper class. There is evidence of women swimming, cycling, racewalking, and even wrestling or boxing in the United States, Canada and Britain, as well as in France. These practices necessarily developed outside institutions, with women taking them up as individual pastimes. As demand grew, some sought to profit from this, and sports promoters organized the first competitions. Journalists then reported on these events in the press, sometimes with amusement, sometimes with disapproval.Yet the first women walkers, runners, cyclists and other athletes are only now beginning to appear in historical studies. This paper seeks to contribute to the rehabilitation of these sportswomen, who include working-class boxers and wrestlers, all of whom have long been subject to a double exclusion—institutional and historical. It presents the history of the first competitions of sportswomen—professional or amateur—in France at the turn of the century, a first foundation stone in writing a new and more inclusive history of sport.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Depicting the Sportswoman As Exhibitionistmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Depicting the Sportswoman As Exhibitionistmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Depicting the Sportswoman As Exhibitionistmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Rethinking sports history to include sportswomen in 1900s France

Castan-Vicente

2023

Front. Sports Act. Living

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From one stage to another: French rugby caught between local and global cultures

Augustin

1999

Journal of European Area Studies

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The Modernisation of Sociability in Sport: The Jura Department seen Through the Eyes of the Local Press During the Second Half of the Nineteenth Century

Renaud

2012

The International Journal of the History of Sport

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Sport is often perceived as physical activity or spectacle. It is also a relational and spatial phenomenon. At the end of the nineteenth century, in eastern France, close to Switzerland, the Jura area felt the first convulsions of sportivisation. The rationalisation of behaviours permitted the expansion of a particular social space which the newspapers helped to construct. The transformation of a traditional system into a modern social and cultural dynamic was a gradual process which took four decades. The sports phenomenon began to reflect a more generalised modernisation of the region. The records show the initial fracturing of an inward looking groupuscular model. The meetings and journeys among the towns then structured a new sociability based on the sharing of common rules and values which the press helped to validate. Finally, with the growing custom, the matches and past victories ended up functionally combining the local culture with a sports ambition which the local weeklies supported thanks to their enthusiasm for their home town. Before the First World War, the Jura society was ready to welcome the subsequent sports phenomenon because it had developed a whole network able to organise and manage it. The newspapers played a prominent role in disseminating as well as recording the transformation of this sociability.La modernisation de la sociabilite´sportive: the de´partement du Jura a`travers la presse locale dans la seconde moitie´du XIXe sie`cle Le sport est souvent perc¸u comme une pratique ou un spectacle. Il est pourtant ac oncevoir comme un phe´nome`ne spatial. A la fin du XIX e sie`cle, dans l'est de la France, proche de la Suisse, l'espace du Jura ressentit les premiers soubresauts de la sportivisation. La presse s'empara doucement des pratiques corporelles. La rationalisation des comportements permit l'expansion d'un espace social particulier, facilite´par la presse. La transformation d'une logique traditionnelle en une dynamique sociale et culturelle moderne se fit graduellement, durant quatre de´cennies. Le phe´nome`ne sportif entra en re´sonnance avec une modernisation plus ge´ne´rale du de´partement. Les archives montrent la fissure initiale d'un mode`le groupusculaire centre´sur lui-meˆme. Ensuite, les rencontres et les de´placements entre villes structure`rent un espace spe´cifique unifie´a`travers le partage de re`gles et de valeurs. Enfin, avec l'usage, les matchs et les victoires passe´es, finirent par agencer de manie`re fonctionnelle la culture locale et l'ambition sportive re´gionale ou nationale. Avant la Premie`re Guerre mondiale, la socie´te´jurassienne fut preˆte a`accueillir le *phe´nome`ne sportif ulte´rieur parce qu'elle s'e´tait dote´de toute la structure complexe capable d'organiser et de ge´rer le phe´nome`ne. La presse joua un roˆle de´terminant dans la diffusion ainsi que dans la me´morisation de la transformation de cette sociabilite´.Mots-cle´s: spatialisation, sportivisation, modernite´, presse, rationalisation, sociabiliteĹ a modernizacio´n de la sociabilidad en el de...

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Histoire du sport en France

Cited by 11 publications

References 0 publications

Rethinking sports history to include sportswomen in 1900s France

Rethinking sports history to include sportswomen in 1900s France

From one stage to another: French rugby caught between local and global cultures

The Modernisation of Sociability in Sport: The Jura Department seen Through the Eyes of the Local Press During the Second Half of the Nineteenth Century

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