Histochemistry of Human Extraocular Muscle

Ringel, Steven P.; Wilson, W. Bruce; Barden, Michael T.; Kaiser, Kenneth K.

doi:10.1001/archopht.1978.03910050587020

Cited by 57 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…For a biopsy of extraocular muscle 10 reflect changes in all zones, a complete cross--,ectional specimen is necessary. Fortunately, any of ihe six eye muscles can be biopsied, since the disiribution of fibers within any zone is the same for each of the muscles [26]. The third and most critical distinction concerns the ipparently restricted pathological response of eye muscles [ 2 , 4, 5 , 9, 10, 27, 281.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 42%

“…In normal human extraocular muscle a consistent, concentric arrangement of fibers has been noted [26]. A narrow peripheral zone consists almost entirely of coarse fibers.…”

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 40%

“…As a similar quantitative analysis is applied to the study of further patients, a better understanding of the pathogenesis of CPEO should be possible. [26] and with an ocular muscle from a patient who had a longstanding third nerve palsy with anomalous reinnervation. As an additional indicator of altered innervation, the presence of extrajunctional acetylcholine receptor (AChR) was assessed in each patient [23-251.…”

mentioning

confidence: 46%

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Extraocular muscle biopsy in chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia

Ringel

Bruce

Barden

1979

Annals of Neurology

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A quantitatives assessment of the pathological changes in extraocular muscle is presented in 8 patients with chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia (CPEO). Serial cross-sections of extraocular muscle were stained with a battery of histochemical and immunohistochemical techniques and compared with 36 normal extraocular muscles and 1 muscle from a patient who had longstanding third nerve plasy with anomalous reinnervation. Several of the patients had a striking increase in the number of ragged-red fibers in extraocular muscle, particularly if frequent ragged-red fibers also were found on limb muscle biopsy. One patients demonstrated extrajunctional acetylcholine receptor (AChR) in a small percentage of fibers, although this finding was not present in the reinnervated muscle. Numerous darkly staining central regions were noted in the ocular muscle fibers of a patient with Stephens syndrome (CPEO, peripheral neuropathy, and cerebellar disease) and in the reinnervated muscle. A patient with myotubular myopathy had single central nuclei in both limb and ocular muscle. All patients demonstrated in their extraocular muscles variation in both the size and distribution of each of the three histochemical fiber types. Extraocular muscle biopsy proved to be a safe, reliable technique. As a similar quantitative analysis is applied to the study of further patients, a better understanding of the pathogenesis of CPEO should be possible.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 42%

“…In normal human extraocular muscle a consistent, concentric arrangement of fibers has been noted [26]. A narrow peripheral zone consists almost entirely of coarse fibers.…”

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 40%

mentioning

confidence: 46%

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Extraocular muscle biopsy in chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia

Ringel

Bruce

Barden

1979

Annals of Neurology

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“…All of these studies were carried out in humans (Ringel et al, 1978), rat (Hanson and Lennerstrand, 1977), cat (Hanson and Lennerstrand, 1977), sheep (Browne, 1976), rabbit (McLoon et al, 1999, mouse (Pachter et al, 1976), and pigeon (McVean et al, 1987). In dog, only Galisteo et al (1994) analyzed the histochemical features of some extraocular muscles that depend on the oculomotor and abducens nerves.…”

mentioning

confidence: 46%

“…The proportion between nerve fiber and muscle fiber is very high. Extraocular muscle fibers have a highly limited pathological response and vary widely in size (Ringel et al, 1978).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Intracranial portion of the trochlear nerve and dorsal oblique muscle composition in dog: A structural and ultrastructural study

Vivo

Morales

Díz

et al. 2004

Journal of Morphology

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In the present investigation the right intracranial portion of the trochlear nerves and dorsal oblique muscle of the right ocular globe were removed from six adult dogs and analyzed by light and electron microscopy. Unmyelinated fibers were observed in the analyzed nerves. The number, diameter, area, and density of myelinated fibers were determined, as were corresponding axon area and diameter and myelin sheath thickness. Frequency histograms of myelin sheath thickness and fiber size show a bimodal distribution with a similar proportion of large and small fibers. Muscle samples were taken from the central portion of the muscle belly, subsequently frozen, cut, and stained with m-ATPase at pH 4.6. Fibers were classified as Type 1 or Type 2 according to their reaction to the m-ATPase and detailed morphologic and morphometric studies were made. The muscles showed two clearly distinct layers, a central layer and a peripheral layer, chiefly composed of Type 2 fibers. The fibers in the central layer were larger in size than those in the peripheral layer.

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