Histochemical Studies of Bone Marrow Cells in Kwashiorkor

Khalil, Mona; Kassem, A. S.; Hafez, Muna Mohammed; Mehareb, S W; Girgis, Rafik; Sawy, M. El

doi:10.1093/tropej/23.2.103

Cited by 3 publications

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“…The term “starvation” can refer to a range of energetic stresses, from transient and mild to prolonged and severe, and can involve global caloric restriction or deficits in specific macronutrients (protein, fat, carbohydrate) or micronutrients. While most studies have focused on BMAT in global calorie restriction, high marrow adiposity has also been seen in protein malnutrition (kwashiorkor) in infants and children (Dickerson and John,1969; Khalil et al,1977; Rao and Sandozi,1970); little is known about whether low‐fat or low‐carbohydrate diets, or specific micronutrient deficits, have similar effects. Thus here the focus is on global caloric restriction.…”

Section: Starvation and Fatmentioning

confidence: 99%

Why does starvation make bones fat?

Devlin

2011

American J Hum Biol

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Body fat, or adipose tissue, is a crucial energetic buffer against starvation in humans and other mammals, and reserves of white adipose tissue (WAT) rise and fall in parallel with food intake. Much less is known about the function of bone marrow adipose tissue (BMAT), which are fat cells found in bone marrow. BMAT mass actually increases during starvation, even as other fat depots are being mobilized for energy. Here I review the possible reasons for this poorly understood phenomenon. Is BMAT a passive filler that occupies spaces left by dying bone cells, a pathological consequence of suppressed bone formation, or potentially an adaptation for surviving starvation? To evaluate these possibilities, here I review what is known about the effects of starvation on the body, particularly the skeleton, and the mechanisms involved in storing and metabolizing BMAT during negative energy balance.

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Section: Starvation and Fatmentioning

confidence: 99%

Why does starvation make bones fat?

Devlin

2011

American J Hum Biol

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“…Cytochemical studies of the bone marrow cells of patients with kwashiorkor have demonstrated a variety of abnormalities including an increase in alkaline and acid phosphatase and non-specific esterase in both the erythropoietic and granulocytopoietic cells and a decrease of peroxidase in the neutrophil series (Khalil et at. 1977).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrastructure and cell cycle distribution of bone marrow cells in protein-energy malnutrition

Wickramasinghe

Akinyanju

Grange

1988

Clinical &Amp; Laboratory Haematology

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Bone marrow aspirates from four children with kwashiorkor and three with marasmus were studied using the techniques of electron microscopy and combined Feulgen microspectrophotometry and 3H-thymidine autoradiography. The majority of the erythroblasts were ultrastructurally normal, the distribution of the early polychromatic erythroblasts between the various stages of the cell cycle was normal or almost normal, and the macrophages did not contain ingested erythroblasts. Since erythropoietin production has been shown to be normal in protein-energy malnutrition, these findings suggest that at least in some cases of PEM the impairment of erythropoiesis results primarily from an abnormality in the erythroid progenitor cell pool rather than from dyserythropoiesis and ineffective erythropoiesis. In one afebrile and apparently uninfected patient with marasmus, a substantial proportion of the neutrophil granulocytes and their more mature precursors contained electron-dense, myelin-containing intracytoplasmic structures which were presumed to be abnormal primary granules. In four of the patients, the 3H-thymidine labelling index of the neutrophil promyelocyte-myelocyte pool was increased. In addition, in all of the cases, neutrophils at various stages of degradation were readily found within the cytoplasm of some of the macrophages. Thus, whereas the techniques employed did not reveal a major disturbance in the morphologically recognizable precursor cells of the erythroid series in PEM, they demonstrated some abnormalities in such cells of the neutrophil series.

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Gelatinous bone marrow transformation secondary to unusual eating habits and drastic weight loss

et al. 2013

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SUMMARYGelatinous bone marrow transformation (GMT), also known as starvation bone marrow, has been reported in a number of chronic illnesses, eating disorders (anorexia nervosa) and malignancies. We report the case of a 37-year-old man with a history of bipolar disorder and obesity (weighing >300 pounds) who presented due to recently developing a deep yellow colour to his skin. Over the past 2 years, through diet and exercise, he lost over 150 pounds. He reported running 6-8 miles per day and eating 'lots of squash'. We made the diagnosis of starvation hepatitis and bone marrow degeneration, and referred the patient to a dietician and haematologist/oncologist, where improvements were observed at 4 weeks follow-up. BACKGROUND

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Histochemical Studies of Bone Marrow Cells in Kwashiorkor

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Why does starvation make bones fat?

Why does starvation make bones fat?

Ultrastructure and cell cycle distribution of bone marrow cells in protein-energy malnutrition

Gelatinous bone marrow transformation secondary to unusual eating habits and drastic weight loss

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