Histiocytic ulcerative colitis in three non-boxer dogs

Stokes, Jennifer E.; Kruger, John M.; Mullaney, Thomas P.; Holan, Kathleen; Schall, William D.

doi:10.5326/15473317-37-5-461

Cited by 33 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Since the first reports in boxer dogs, several single case reports and small case series of GC have also been described in other breeds, mainly French bulldogs (Stokes and others 2001, Tanaka and others 2003, Manchester and others 2013), but also in a mastiff, Alaskan malamute, dobermann, English bulldogs and two beagle dogs (Stokes and others 2001, Hostutler and others 2004, Carvallo and others 2015). Overall, the disease has predominantly been described in the USA, with single cases in Japan, Australia, Brazil and Europe (Van der Gaag and others 1978; Churcher and Watson 1997, German and others 2000, Tanaka and others 2003, Krafft and others 2010, Pavarini and others 2011, Manchester and others 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Favourable long‐term outcome of granulomatous colitis involving two Escherichia coli strains with multiple antimicrobial resistances in a French bulldog in Germany

Mueller

Dahlem

Henrich

et al. 2016

Vet Record Case Reports

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A two-year-old female French bulldog was presented for chronic large bowel diarrhoea. The dog had been suspected to have granulomatous colitis, but no improvement was noted with enrofloxacin treatment. Diagnosis was confirmed by histology and fluorescent in situ hybridisation. Isolated Escherichia coli strains showed multiple resistances to antimicrobials, including enrofloxacin. Treatment with potentiated amoxicillin and cefovecin resulted in complete resolution of clinical signs within two weeks and treatment was continued for a total of eight weeks. The dog had no signs of large bowel diarrhoea and gained 2 kg of bodyweight within 10 months. This is the first case report of a French bulldog with granulomatous colitis with a favourable long-term outcome despite colonisation with multiresistant adherent-invasive E coli. This case highlights the importance of antimicrobial sensitivity testing from colonic mucosal biopsy samples in canine granulomatous colitis. It should raise awareness of this disease in continental Europe.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Favourable long‐term outcome of granulomatous colitis involving two Escherichia coli strains with multiple antimicrobial resistances in a French bulldog in Germany

Mueller

Dahlem

Henrich

et al. 2016

Vet Record Case Reports

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“…1,2 This entity is also known as granulomatous colitis and was initially described in Boxer dogs, suggesting a breed-specific disease in hereditarily susceptible dogs. 2,3 However, HUC is also reported in other breeds, including French bulldogs, [4][5][6] English bulldogs, 7 Mastiff, Alaskan Malamute, Doberman Pinscher 8 and Beagles. 9 Typically, young dogs under 4 yr are affected.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heterogeneity of macrophages in canine histiocytic ulcerative colitis

Nolte¹,

Junginger²,

Baum

et al. 2017

Innate Immun

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Histiocytic ulcerative colitis (HUC) is a chronic enteropathy which most notably occurs in Boxer dogs and French bulldogs. The inflamed mucosa is hallmarked by large, foamy, periodic acid-Schiff (PAS)-positive macrophages infiltrating the colonic mucosa. As little is known about their origin and phenotype, an immunohistochemical study was performed using different macrophage markers. Generally, canine colonic macrophages showed high expression of ionised calciumbinding adaptor molecule 1 and MHC class II. In canine HUC, macrophages revealed up-regulation of lysozyme and L1 Ag but decreased CD163 expression compared with controls, suggesting them to be pro-inflammatory cells, whereas the healthy colonic mucosa was characterised by an anti-inflammatory macrophage phenotype. In addition, PAS reaction was used to discriminate macrophage subpopulations. PAS -macrophages displayed higher expression of L1 Ag and CD64, whereas PAS þ cells, which were only present in HUC patients, were characterised by increased expression of lysozyme, inducible nitric oxide synthase and CD204. This indicates PAS þ cells to be mature macrophages contributing to the inflammatory process, which are most likely maintained by differentiation of immature PAS -macrophages continuously recruited from blood monocytes. In summary, macrophage heterogeneity in canine HUC probably illustrates their different maturation states and functions compared with the healthy animals.

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“…Clinical signs include chronic diarrhoea with increasing frequency of defecation, haematochezia, mucus and tenesmus (Stokes et al 2001;Hostutler et al 2004;Craven et al 2010;Manchester et al 2013). Severe cases also exhibit hypoalbuminemia and cachexia (Manchester et al 2013).…”

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confidence: 99%

Granulomatous colitis in two French bulldogs unresponsive to fluoroquinolone antimicrobials: a case report

Lucena¹,

Novales²,

Ginel³

2017

Vet. Med. - Czech

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Two cases of granulomatous colitis in two French bulldogs were found to be unresponsive to fluoroquinolones. The granulomatous colitis diagnosis was made on the basis of PAS-positive histiocytes in the lamina propria of the colonic mucosa in biopsy samples taken at colonoscopy. Remission of granulomatous colitis has been reported using fluoroquinolones leading to the idea that invasive Escherichia coli strains in the colonic mucosa are involved. Oral enrofloxacin (Baytril 150 mg, Bayer, Spain) at 10 mg/kg per day for eight weeks was prescribed to both dogs in this study. A first course of therapy resolved the problem in dog No. 1, which, however, was followed by relapse three months later without enrofloxacin response. No clinical remission was seen in dog No. 2 and 4.4 mg/kg marbofloxacin (Marbocyl P 20 mg, Vetoquinol, Spain) per day for 10 weeks was administered but without any response. From both dogs, biopsy samples from the colonic mucosa were taken during colonoscopy. Samples were homogenised for microbial culture in different agar media to identify invasive microbes. Escherichia coli were largely isolated and antibiotic sensitivity testing (MIC of E. coli to selected antimicrobials, CLSI 2013) was carried out. In both cases, E. coli was resistant to fluoroquinolones. In dog No. 1 E. coli was susceptible to amoxicillin-clavulanate, cefazolin, amikacin and gentamicin whereas in dog No. 2 it was susceptible to doxycycline and amoxicillin-clavulanate. Clinical remission was achieved in dog No. 1 with amoxicillin-clavulanate (Synulox 250 mg, Pfizer, Spain) therapy for eight weeks. No response was found in dog No. 2 with any of the antimicrobials alone or combined with metronidazole.

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Histiocytic ulcerative colitis in three non-boxer dogs

Cited by 33 publications

References 9 publications

Favourable long‐term outcome of granulomatous colitis involving two Escherichia coli strains with multiple antimicrobial resistances in a French bulldog in Germany

Favourable long‐term outcome of granulomatous colitis involving two Escherichia coli strains with multiple antimicrobial resistances in a French bulldog in Germany

Heterogeneity of macrophages in canine histiocytic ulcerative colitis

Granulomatous colitis in two French bulldogs unresponsive to fluoroquinolone antimicrobials: a case report

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