Hispanic Employment and the Holland Typology of Work

Arbona, Consuelo

doi:10.1002/j.2161-0045.1989.tb00830.x

Cited by 20 publications

(20 citation statements)

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“…In a series of studies, G. D. Gottfredson and Daiger (1977); G. D. ; G. D. Holland (1989, 1996); G. D. Gottfredson, Holland, and L. S. Gottfredson (1975); G. D. Gottfredson, Holland, and Ogawa (1982); L. S. Gottfredson and Brown (1978); L. S. Gottfredson (1978); and L. S. Gottfredson (1980) analyzed U.S. employment using data provided by the decennial census over 1960, 1970, and 1980. In similar fashion, Arbona (1989) examined 1980 census data to explore gender, educational level, and ethnicity, e.g., Black, Hispanic, and White, with respect to employment distribution of the population. Altogether, these studies examined a variety of variables with respect to the Holland classification, including percentage of men and women working in hundreds of occupations, ethnicity of workers in occupations, salaries earned during the preceding year by incumbents, educational and training levels associated with occupations, and complexity ratings for occupations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Holland Perspective on the U.S. Workforce from 1960 to 1990

Reardon¹,

Vernick²,

Reed³

2001

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This paper analyzes civilian employment data collected by the Census Bureau in 1960Bureau in , 1970Bureau in , 1980Bureau in , and 1990 with respect to six kinds of work (Holland classification), occupation, employment, gender, occupational level, and income over four decades. Implications for further research, employment policy, and career services are offered.June 25, 2001 1 The authors gratefully acknowledge the assistance of Britton Powers and Darrin Carr with analysis of census data, and of James Flora for technical assistance in preparation of tables and figures. We also thank John Holland, Gary Gottfredson, Charles Nam, Janet Lenz, James Sampson, and Gary Peterson for helpful comments on early drafts of this manuscript. 2 A Holland Perspective on U.S. Workforce from 1960 to 1990Abstract Some career theorists and researchers view the occupational world as increasingly unstable and unpredictable. Indeed, they view the concept of job or occupation as less than useful in thinking about work and career guidance. Such a view appears to call into question the appropriateness of an approach to career guidance that seeks to link personal characteristics to jobs in a time of rapid labor market changes. Holland's typological theory (Holland, 1997) specifies a connection between vocational personalities and work environments that makes it possible to use the same RIASEC classification system for both persons and jobs. Beginning in the 1960s and 1970s, a small group of researchers began to examine the labor market using Holland's typological system. Altogether, these studies examined a variety of variables with respect to Holland codes, including percentage of men and women in occupations, ethnicity of workers in occupations, salaries earned by occupational incumbents during the preceding year, educational and training levels associated with occupations, and complexity ratings for occupational activities.The present study examined trends in labor market characteristics using census data from 1960 to 1990. We found stability in the census data for the use of occupational constructs for six kinds of work from 1960-1990, e.g., the Realistic area includes many more named occupations in the census than the other five areas, averaging between 46% and 50% of all occupations included over the 40 year period. Regarding levels of cognitive complexity associated with occupations, we found Investigative and Artistic areas were associated with the highest Cx ratings, and Conventional was associated with the lowest ratings. We found that employment trends did not support claims of a major shift in employment across the six kinds of work. While employment declined by 18% in the Realistic area relative to other Holland types, it remained the largest area of employment through 1990 and actually increased in real numbers. Only 1% of employment was in the Artistic area. There were marked differences in employment between men and women across the six areas from 1960-1990, e.g., between 79% and 85% of male workers were...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Holland Perspective on the U.S. Workforce from 1960 to 1990

Reardon¹,

Vernick²,

Reed³

2001

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“…D. Gottfredson, Holland, & Gottfredson, 1975) and L. S. colleagues (L. S. Gottfredson, 1978, 1980; L. S. Gottfredson & Brown, 1978) analyzed U.S. employment using data provided by the decennial censuses in 1960, 1970, and 1980. In similar fashion, Arbona (1989) examined 1980 census data to explore gender, educational level, and ethnicity (e.g., Black, Hispanic, White) with respect to population employment distribution. Altogether, these studies examined a variety of variables with respect to the Holland RIASEC classification, including percentage of men and women working in hundreds of occupations, ethnicity of workers in occupations, salaries earned during the preceding year by incumbents, educational and training levels associated with occupations, occupational prestige, and the levels or complexity ratings for occupations.…”

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A Holland Perspective on the U.S. Workforce From 1960 to 2000

Reardon

Bullock

Meyer

2007

The Career Development Quart

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The authors analyze civilian occupations and employment data collected by the U.S. Census Bureau in 1960, 1970, 1980, 1990, and 2000 with respect to 6 kinds of work (Holland's RIASEC [Realistic, Investigative, Artistic, Social, Enterprising, Conventional] classification), employment, and gender. For the 1990 and 2000 censuses, kinds of work, gender, and income are analyzed, and for the 2000 census, kinds of work, age, and gender are examined. Past employment trends developed from census data are further analyzed with respect to Bureau of Labor Statistics employment projections through 2012. Implications for further research, employment policy, and career services are offered.

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“…Second, ethnic minority status may have an independent influence on the development of career aspirations apart from socioeconomic status. Ethnic minorities often have been found to have lower career aspirations than Euro-Americans (Arbona, 1989, Miller, Springer, & Wells, 1988. The impact of perceived or actual racial or ethnic discrimination may limit the types of occupations that some ethnic minority youth believe are available to them (Smith, 1983).…”

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confidence: 99%

Early Adolescents' Career Aspirations: A Qualitative Study of Perceived Barriers and Family Support among Low-Income, Ethnically Diverse Adolescents

Hill

Ramírez

Dumka

2003

Journal of Family Issues

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Based on themes grounded in the narratives, gender and ethnic differences emerged. Girls were more likely to express an understanding of the requirements for reaching their goals than were boys. Mexican girls were more likely to express traditionally female goals than were other girls. Adolescents of Mexican descent perceived fewer barriers for reaching their goals than did African Americans or Euro-Americans. Negative relationships were observed between career aspirations and perceived barriers and between perceived barriers and family support. The implications of the findings were discussed, in addition to directions for future research.Although it is well known that demographic characteristics (such as ethnicity, gender, and socioeconomic status) may affect or restrict the development of career aspirations, there is very little research that has studied 934

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Hispanic Employment and the Holland Typology of Work

Cited by 20 publications

References 13 publications

A Holland Perspective on the U.S. Workforce from 1960 to 1990

A Holland Perspective on the U.S. Workforce from 1960 to 1990

A Holland Perspective on the U.S. Workforce From 1960 to 2000

Early Adolescents' Career Aspirations: A Qualitative Study of Perceived Barriers and Family Support among Low-Income, Ethnically Diverse Adolescents

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