Hirshfeld surface analysis, enrichment ratio, energy frameworks and third-order nonlinear optical studies of a hydrazone derivative for optical limiting applications

Intramolecular charge transfer enhanced optical limiting in novel hydrazone derivatives with a D1–D–Ai–π–A structure

“…The Z-scan experiment reveals that this molecule shows good third-order NLO properties and is an excellent optical limiter with a threshold value of 3.42 kJ cm −2 . 26 Niu et al designed and synthesized two novel hydrazone derivatives (named BTH-1 and BTH-2). Femtosecond Z-scan measurements indicated that the trithiophene-substituted BTH-2 molecule is a good candidate for optical limiting materials due to its strong broadband (600–900 nm) RSA.…”

“…Enlarging intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) was considered one of the effective ways to enhance the optical nonlinearity for most organic molecules. 17,26 It is well known that the molecules with a D–π–A structure usually show considerable charge transfer characters. 28 Here D is the donor group, A is the acceptor group, and the two groups are connected by a π bridge.…”