Hippocampus and entorhinal cortex in mild cognitive impairment and early AD

Pennanen, Corina; Kivipelto, Miia; Tuomainen, Susanna; Hartikainen, Päivi; Hänninen, Tuomo; Laakso, Mikko P.; Hallikainen, Merja; Vanhanen, Matti; Nissinen, Aulikki; Helkala, Eeva‐Liisa; Vainio, Pauli; Vanninen, Ritva; Partanen, Kaarina; Soininen, Hilkka

doi:10.1016/s0197-4580(03)00084-8

Cited by 551 publications

(411 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…This finding agrees with previous studies reporting significant reductions of hippocampus volumes in AD compared to MCI patients [40] and with longitudinal studies [22] suggesting that hippocampus volume continues to shrink even in manifest stages of AD. One previous study reported reduced amygdala volumes in AD compared to MCI patients [5].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Multicentre variability of MRI-based medial temporal lobe volumetry in Alzheimer's disease

Teipel

Ewers

Wolf

et al. 2010

Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging

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MRI based volumetry of the hippocampus and amygdala has been suggested as a biomarker of Alzheimer's disease (AD). For validation of the candidate marker, however, effects of multicentre acquisition on measurement variability have to be considered. In the present study we determined effects of multicentre acqusitions of MRI data across 12 clinical sites within the German Competence Network on Dementias in 113 patients with clinically probable AD and 150 patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Hippocampus and amygdala volumes were significantly reduced in AD compared to MCI patients using data pooled across centres. The between-centre effect accounted for 5 to 15% of within-centre variability. Using mixed effects regression, we found specific correlations between delayed recall of verbal and non-verbal material and global cognitive measures with hippocampus and amygdala volumes. In contrast drawing performance was not correlated with volume measures. ApoE4 genotype had no effect on volumetric measures. Power analysis for the detection of a difference in the volumes between AD and MCI patients across centres showed that multicentre variability did not significantly affect effect sizes. The total sample size needed is N= 58 for hippocampus and N= 158 for amygdala volumes. Our data indicate that multicentre acquisition of MRI data using manual volumetry is reliable and feasible for diagnostic trials and replicates essential findings from smaller scale monocentre studies.3

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Multicentre variability of MRI-based medial temporal lobe volumetry in Alzheimer's disease

Teipel

Ewers

Wolf

et al. 2010

Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging

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“…Previous studies have indicated that hippocampal atrophy is the most prominent structural hallmark of progression from aMCI to AD [8,9] . Therefore, it is reasonable to assume that structural and functional changes in the hippocampus are important in understanding the origins of impaired memory function in AD.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, Pennanen and colleagues have reported that the overall classifi cation by total hippocampal volume between AD patients and controls is 90.7% (sensitivity, 85.4%; specifi city, 94.9%), and that between AD and aMCI patients is 80.5% (sensitivity, 77.1%; specifi city, 83.1%) [31] . Jack and colleagues have also reported that the odds ratio for progression to sporadic AD over 1.2-4.8 years is 1.75 in aMCI patients with smaller hippocampal volumes when compared to those with larger hippocampal volumes [32] .…”

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confidence: 99%

Can multi-modal neuroimaging evidence from hippocampus provide biomarkers for the progression of amnestic mild cognitive impairment?

Chen

Zhang

2015

Neurosci. Bull.

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Impaired structure and function of the hippocampus is a valuable predictor of progression from amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) to Alzheimer's disease (AD). As a part of the medial temporal lobe memory system, the hippocampus is one of the brain regions affected earliest by AD neuropathology, and shows progressive degeneration as aMCI progresses to AD. Currently, no validated biomarkers can precisely predict the conversion from aMCI to AD. Therefore, there is a great need of sensitive tools for the early detection of AD progression. In this review, we summarize the specifi c structural and functional changes in the hippocampus from recent aMCI studies using neurophysiological and neuroimaging data. We suggest that a combination of advanced multi-modal neuroimaging measures in discovering biomarkers will provide more precise and sensitive measures of hippocampal changes than using only one of them. These will potentially affect early diagnosis and disease-modifying treatments. We propose a new sequential and progressive framework in which the impairment spreads from the integrity of fibers to volume and then to function in hippocampal subregions. Meanwhile, this is likely to be accompanied by progressive impairment of behavioral and neuropsychological performance in the progression of aMCI to AD.

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“…Taking into the consideration the importance of the MTL in memory processing, a large number of cross-sectional volumetric neuroimaging studies were performed. They predominantly focused on the comparison of MTL structure volumes, or the degree of their atrophy, between healthy individuals, age-matched cases suffering from mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and cases at different stages of Alzheimer's disease (AD) [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15]. Their results showed a significant reduction of MTL component volumes in cases with mild cognitive impairment and AD.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These findings, and the fact that in the early phases of AD the first pathological changes occur in the entorhinal cortex [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15], stressed the importance of the histological findings, especially of MTL areas, that might improve the understanding of the cellular basis for the various degrees of cognitive decline within healthy elderly populations. Until recently it was generally believed that age-related impairments in cognitive performance are the result of age-related neuron loss, especially within the hippocampus and most neocortical areas.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parahippocampal corpora amylacea and neuronal lipofuscin in human aging

et al. 2013

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AbstractThe aim of this research was to quantify the number of corpora amylacea and lipofuscin-bearing neurons in the parahippocampal region of the brain. Right parahippocampal gyrus specimens of 30 cadavers were used as material for histological and morphometric analyses. A combined Alcian Blue and Periodic Acid-Schiff technique was used for identification and quantification of corpora amylacea and lipofuscin-bearing neurons. Immunohistochemistry was performed using S100 polyclonal, neuron-specific enolase and glial fibrillary acidic protein monoclonal antibodies for differentiation of corpora amylacea and other spherical inclusions of the aging brain. Cluster analysis of obtained data showed the presence of three age groups (median age: I = 41.5, II = 68, III = 71.5). The second group was characterized by a significantly higher numerical density of subcortical corpora amylacea and number of lipofuscin-bearing neurons than other two groups. Values of the latter cited parameters in the third group were insignificantly higher than the first younger group. Linear regression showed that number of parahippocampal lipofuscin-bearing neurons significantly predicts numerical density of subcortical corpora amylacea. The above results suggest that more numerous parahippocampal region corpora amylacea and lipofuscin-bearing neurons in some older cases might represent signs of its’ neurons quantitatively-altered metabolism.

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Hippocampus and entorhinal cortex in mild cognitive impairment and early AD

Cited by 551 publications

References 42 publications

Multicentre variability of MRI-based medial temporal lobe volumetry in Alzheimer's disease

Multicentre variability of MRI-based medial temporal lobe volumetry in Alzheimer's disease

Can multi-modal neuroimaging evidence from hippocampus provide biomarkers for the progression of amnestic mild cognitive impairment?

Parahippocampal corpora amylacea and neuronal lipofuscin in human aging

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