Hippocampal signals modify orbitofrontal representations to learn new paths

Riceberg, Justin S.; Srinivasan, Aditya; Guise, Kevin G.; Shapiro, Matthew L.

doi:10.1016/j.cub.2022.06.010

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Dorsal mPFC and OFC single units tended to show the most prominent firing rate modulations over the course of a trial, and modulations across different paths or at different reward wells during the delay period tended to be similar (Fig. 3a,b), a result consistent with previous work 17,18,[29][30][31][32] . By contrast, HPc single units largely showed distinct firing rate modulations across these conditions, consistent with the well-established location and heading direction selectivity of HPc neurons (Fig.…”

Section: A Similar Single Unit Code Is Reliable At Distinct Task Phas...supporting

confidence: 90%

Regional specialization manifests in the reliability of neural population codes

Guidera,

Gramling,

Comrie

et al. 2024

Preprint

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The brain has the remarkable ability to learn and guide the performance of complex tasks. Decades of lesion studies suggest that different brain regions perform specialized functions in support of complex behaviors. Yet recent large-scale studies of neural activity reveal similar patterns of activity and encoding distributed widely throughout the brain. How these distributed patterns of activity and encoding are compatible with regional specialization of brain function remains unclear. Two frontal brain regions, the dorsal medial prefrontal cortex (dmPFC) and orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), are a paradigm of this conundrum. In the setting complex behaviors, the dmPFC is necessary for choosing optimal actions, whereas the OFC is necessary for waiting for and learning from the outcomes of those actions. Yet both dmPFC and OFC encode both choice- and outcome-related quantities. Here we show that while ensembles of neurons in the dmPFC and OFC of rats encode similar elements of a cognitive task with similar patterns of activity, the two regions differ in when that coding is consistent across trials ("reliable"). In line with the known critical functions of each region, dmPFC activity is more reliable when animals are making choices and less reliable preceding outcomes, whereas OFC activity shows the opposite pattern. Our findings identify the dynamic reliability of neural population codes as a mechanism whereby different brain regions may support distinct cognitive functions despite exhibiting similar patterns of activity and encoding similar quantities.

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Section: A Similar Single Unit Code Is Reliable At Distinct Task Phas...supporting

confidence: 90%

Regional specialization manifests in the reliability of neural population codes

Guidera,

Gramling,

Comrie

et al. 2024

Preprint

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show abstract

“…The HIP and entorhinal cortex are well-established central regions for cognitive map-based navigation 68 , 74 , 75 . The OFC was also found representing the future goals during spatial navigation 76 , and cooperating with the HIP in forming cognitive maps 73 , 77 . The LOC was suggested as the region for representing object identity, encoding perceptual information of visual stimuli, and coding object interaction 78 – 80 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…These results indicated that these two regions may adopt different roles in forming and representing a cognitive map. Previous studies suggested that the HIP and OFC are involved in different aspects of a cognitive map 29 , 72 , 73 . Our results indicated that the HIP may be responsible for updating the map of spaces and the OFC for utilizing the map to make inferences.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Forming cognitive maps for abstract spaces: the roles of the human hippocampus and orbitofrontal cortex

Qiu,

Li,

Liao

et al. 2024

Commun Biol

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How does the human brain construct cognitive maps for decision-making and inference? Here, we conduct an fMRI study on a navigation task in multidimensional abstract spaces. Using a deep neural network model, we assess learning levels and categorized paths into exploration and exploitation stages. Univariate analyses show higher activation in the bilateral hippocampus and lateral prefrontal cortex during exploration, positively associated with learning level and response accuracy. Conversely, the bilateral orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) and retrosplenial cortex show higher activation during exploitation, negatively associated with learning level and response accuracy. Representational similarity analysis show that the hippocampus, entorhinal cortex, and OFC more accurately represent destinations in exploitation than exploration stages. These findings highlight the collaboration between the medial temporal lobe and prefrontal cortex in learning abstract space structures. The hippocampus may be involved in spatial memory formation and representation, while the OFC integrates sensory information for decision-making in multidimensional abstract spaces.

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“…Recent computational work has investigated how representations of knowledge inform behavior in models of either reinforcement learning 47 or predictive coding 11,48–50 contexts. The salient task features extracted by these modeling techniques may concur with the latent variable structure identified in maps defined by state space analysis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hippocampal and Medial Prefrontal Cortical Maps Represent Episodes and Rules in a Common Task Space

Srinivasan

Riceberg

Goodman

et al. 2022

Preprint

Self Cite

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Memory helps us adapt to changing circumstances but needs guidance to retrieve relevant episodes. Episodic memory requires the hippocampus, the prefrontal cortex (PFC) guides memory retrieval, but how their representations interact is unclear. Using state-space analysis of neuronal spiking, we found CA1 and PFC activity within and between rats formed similar, low-dimensional, region-specific "shapes" representing different tasks tested in the same maze. Task shapes were organized by behaviorally salient variables including time and maze start and goal locations. PFC predicted CA1 representations when both regions were needed to solve a spatial memory task, but not in a cue approach task that required neither region. Task demands imposed common dimensions on CA1 and PFC maps whose topologies distinguished episodic and rule-related computations.

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Hippocampal signals modify orbitofrontal representations to learn new paths

Cited by 7 publications

References 44 publications

Regional specialization manifests in the reliability of neural population codes

Regional specialization manifests in the reliability of neural population codes

Forming cognitive maps for abstract spaces: the roles of the human hippocampus and orbitofrontal cortex

Hippocampal and Medial Prefrontal Cortical Maps Represent Episodes and Rules in a Common Task Space

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