Hindcast Wave Information for the Great Lakes. Lake Michigan

Factors Controlling Rates of Bluff Recession at Two Sites on Lake Michigan

“…The USACE (Hubertz et al 1991) study used the historical continuous wind observations made at seven land stations and two anemometer-equipped buoys to estimate wind fields over Lake Michigan throughout the period 1956 to 1997. Due to the lack of hourly data at all stations, the wind data were sampled every 3 hours (Hubertz et al 1991). The second wind data set consists of hourly anemometer readings from the Milwaukee Airport dating back to the early 1900s.…”

“…Wave data analyzed to determine deepwater wave power and runup are products of the Michigan wind-wave hindcasting project conducted by the Army Corps of Engineers (Hubertz et al 1991). A numerical wind wave hindcasting model called DWAVE (Resio and Perrie 1989) was used to simulate wave growth, dissipation, and propagation in deep water.…”

“…A numerical wind wave hindcasting model called DWAVE (Resio and Perrie 1989) was used to simulate wave growth, dissipation, and propagation in deep water. Wave parameters including wave height, mean wave direction and wave period were computed at a number of virtual "stations" located at a selected number of points (Hubertz et al 1991).…”

Monitoring of Entrance Channel Navigation Improvements at Pentwater, Michigan, and Design Guidance for Pocket Wave Absorbers

“…Pocket absorber cross-sections are shown in Appendix A. Wave roses indicating the primary directions of wave attack are shown in Appendix B, based on hindcasts by Hubertz et al (1991) and Driver et al (1992). These and other considerations at each harbor are discussed in more detail in the following subsections.…”

“…field data collected in the present study, and data from NDBC buoy 45007, located in the middle of the southern lobe of Lake Michigan, about 145 km (90 miles) south-southwest of Pentwater. The WIS hindcasts are described by Hubertz et al (1991).…”