Himalayan Uplift, Sea Level, and the Record of Bengal Fan Sedimentation at the ODP Leg 116 Sites

Cochran, J.R.

doi:10.2973/odp.proc.sr.116.144.1990

Cited by 75 publications

(77 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…Since this kind of triple junction is often unstable, it was probably abandoned when a change of the Arabia-India kinematics caused the activation of the newly imaged fault together with the formation of the Beautemps-Beaupré Basin. The latest kinematic reorganization in the Indian Ocean occurred ~8 Ma ago and corresponds to the onset of intraplate deformation in the India-Australia plate dated at 7.5-8 Ma by ODP drillings (Cochran, 1990;Chamot-Rooke et al, 1993;Delescluse and Chamot-Rooke, 2007), which nearly coincides with kinematic change along the Carlsberg Ridge between 11 and 9 Ma (Merkouriev and DeMets, 2006).…”

Section: Is the Present-day Aoc Triple Junction Stable Or Transient?mentioning

confidence: 97%

Do ridge–ridge–fault triple junctions exist on Earth? Evidence from the Aden–Owen–Carlsberg junction in the NW Indian Ocean

et al. 2008

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Section: Is the Present-day Aoc Triple Junction Stable Or Transient?mentioning

confidence: 97%

Do ridge–ridge–fault triple junctions exist on Earth? Evidence from the Aden–Owen–Carlsberg junction in the NW Indian Ocean

et al. 2008

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“…Furthermore, the presence of fluids in the fault planes may have a weakening effect on the frictional resistance against sliding (Brace and Kohlstedt, 1980) and facilitate fault reactivation. Seismic stratigraphy and DSDP and ODP drilling have demonstrated the presence of two major unconformities within the sediments of the Bengal and Nicobar distal fans over much of the central and northeastern part of the Indian Ocean (Cochran, 1990;Curray and Munasinghe, 1989). An early Eocene (55 Ma) unconformity is correlatable with the first stage of collision of the Indo-Australian plate with the Eurasian plate.…”

Section: Within the Central Indian Ocean And Location Map Of Main Fementioning

confidence: 99%

Crustal fault reactivation facilitating lithospheric folding/buckling in the central Indian Ocean

Beekman

Bull

Cloetingh

et al. 1996

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High-quality, normal-incidence seismic reflection data confirm that tectonic deformation in the central Indian Ocean occurs at two spatial scales: whole lithosphere folding with wavelengths varying between 100 and 300 km, and compressional reactivation of crustal faults with a characteristic spacing of c. 5 km. Faults penetrate through the crust and probably into the upper mantle. Both types of deformation are driven by regional large intraplate stresses originating from the Indo-Eurasian collision. Numerical modelling of the spatial and temporal relationships between these two modes of deformations shows that, in agreement with geophysical observations, crustal faults are reactivated first with stick-slip behaviour. Subsequent lithospheric folding does not start until horizontal loading has significantly reduced the mechanical strength of the lithosphere, as predicted by elasto-plastic buckling theory. Modelling suggests that lithospheric folding does not develop in the absence of fault reactivation. Crustal fault reactivation, therefore, appears to be a key facilitating mechanism for oceanic lithospheric buckling in the central Indian Ocean.

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“…The timing of initial collision of the Indian plate with Eurasia has been debated [Cochran, 1990;Butler, 1995] (also see discussion from Uddin and Lundberg [1998]). Data bearing on the timing of collision come mainly from areas west of the central Himalayas [e.g., Beck et al, 1995;Najman et al, 1997].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laser ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar age constraints on Miocene sequences from the Bengal basin: Implications for middle Miocene denudation of the eastern Himalayas

2010

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[1] Petrographic, mineral-chemistry and subsurface studies reveal that orogenic sedimentation had already begun in the Bengal basin by the early Miocene. Laser 40 Ar/ 39 Ar age determinations were made for detrital muscovite grains (145 total, among 4 samples) from the lower-to-middle Miocene Bhuban Formation. The laser fusion ages range from circa 12 Ma to 516 Ma, and thus suggest derivation from a combination of sources: the Himalayas, Indo-Burman ranges and possibly the Indian shield and Tibetan plateau. Modes of circa 16 Ma, 18 Ma, 26 and 40 Ma in the age distributions of these samples are most consistent with unroofing of the Higher Himalayas since the early Miocene. Detrital micas of such an early age (16 Ma) for the Bhuban Formation are interpreted to indicate that little time elapsed between the isotopic closure of 40 Ar in the muscovite and its ultimate deposition in middle Miocene strata. The detrital ages of circa 16 and 22 Ma in this study, most prominent in the highest stratigraphic levels sampled in this study, are younger than those previously reported in the western Himalayan foreland basins. These younger detrital ages are consistent with rapid middle Miocene unroofing and erosion as has been proposed for crystalline rocks of the eastern Himalayas. The minimum 40 Ar/ 39 Ar ages for muscovite in a particular sample seem proportional to the stratigraphic level sampled, i.e., younger ages tend to occur for samples of higher stratigraphic level. These results support earlier studies indicating that detrital geochronology can be used as an effective tool in evaluating stratigraphic ages.

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Himalayan Uplift, Sea Level, and the Record of Bengal Fan Sedimentation at the ODP Leg 116 Sites

Cited by 75 publications

References 55 publications

Do ridge–ridge–fault triple junctions exist on Earth? Evidence from the Aden–Owen–Carlsberg junction in the NW Indian Ocean

Do ridge–ridge–fault triple junctions exist on Earth? Evidence from the Aden–Owen–Carlsberg junction in the NW Indian Ocean

Crustal fault reactivation facilitating lithospheric folding/buckling in the central Indian Ocean

Laser ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar age constraints on Miocene sequences from the Bengal basin: Implications for middle Miocene denudation of the eastern Himalayas

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Himalayan Uplift, Sea Level, and the Record of Bengal Fan Sedimentation at the ODP Leg 116 Sites

Cited by 75 publications

References 55 publications

Do ridge–ridge–fault triple junctions exist on Earth? Evidence from the Aden–Owen–Carlsberg junction in the NW Indian Ocean

Do ridge–ridge–fault triple junctions exist on Earth? Evidence from the Aden–Owen–Carlsberg junction in the NW Indian Ocean

Crustal fault reactivation facilitating lithospheric folding/buckling in the central Indian Ocean

Laser 40Ar/39Ar age constraints on Miocene sequences from the Bengal basin: Implications for middle Miocene denudation of the eastern Himalayas

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Laser ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar age constraints on Miocene sequences from the Bengal basin: Implications for middle Miocene denudation of the eastern Himalayas