Himalayan metamorphic CO2 fluxes: Quantitative constraints from hydrothermal springs

Becker, J. A.; Bickle, M. J.; Galy, Αlbert; Holland, T. J. B.

doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2007.10.046

Cited by 138 publications

(131 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Using preferred geometric parameters of Leech et al (2005) for subduction of the Indian plate, this depth is reached ∼ 1.5 to 2 Ma after the initiation of continental subduction. Despite cessation of volcanic activity, subduction of continental margin sediments may have been associated with active CO 2 degassing at springs or vents as a result of efficient metamorphic sediment decarbonation at T > 300 • C (e.g., Becker et al, 2008;Evans et al, 2008). Kerrick and Caldeira (1993) suggested that limited collision-related prograde metamorphism of marly lithologies may induce a CO 2 loss of ∼ 10 wt%, equivalent to a decarbonation efficiency of ∼ 50 % for sediments with a carbonate content of 50 wt% (= 22 wt% CO 2 ).…”

Section: Continental Crust and Indian Margin Sedimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Did high Neo-Tethys subduction rates contribute to early Cenozoic warming?

Hoareau¹,

Bomou²,

Hinsbergen³

et al. 2015

Clim. Past

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Abstract. The 58-51 Ma interval was characterized by a long-term increase of global temperatures (+4 to +6 • C) up to the Early Eocene Climate Optimum (EECO, 52.9-50.7 Ma), the warmest interval of the Cenozoic. It was recently suggested that sustained high atmospheric pCO 2 , controlling warm early Cenozoic climate, may have been released during Neo-Tethys closure through the subduction of large amounts of pelagic carbonates and their recycling as CO 2 at arc volcanoes. To analyze the impact of NeoTethys closure on early Cenozoic warming, we have modeled the volume of subducted sediments and the amount of CO 2 emitted along the northern Tethys margin. The impact of calculated CO 2 fluxes on global temperature during the early Cenozoic have then been tested using a climate carbon cycle model (GEOCLIM). We show that CO 2 production may have reached up to 1.55 × 10 18 mol Ma −1 specifically during the EECO, ∼ 4 to 37 % higher that the modern global volcanic CO 2 output, owing to a dramatic IndiaAsia plate convergence increase. The subduction of thick Greater Indian continental margin carbonate sediments at ∼ 55-50 Ma may also have led to additional CO 2 production of 3.35 × 10 18 mol Ma −1 during the EECO, making a total of 85 % of the global volcanic CO 2 outgassed. However, climate modeling demonstrates that timing of maximum CO 2 release only partially fits with the EECO, and that corresponding maximum pCO 2 values (750 ppm) and surface warming (+2 • C) do not reach values inferred from geochemical proxies, a result consistent with conclusions arising from modeling based on other published CO 2 fluxes. These results demonstrate that CO 2 derived from decarbonation of Neo-Tethyan lithosphere may have possibly contributed to, but certainly cannot account alone for early Cenozoic warming. Other commonly cited sources of excess CO 2 such as enhanced igneous province volcanism also appear to be up to 1 order of magnitude below fluxes required by the model to fit with proxy data of pCO 2 and temperature at that time. An alternate explanation may be that CO 2 consumption, a key parameter of the long-term atmospheric pCO 2 balance, may have been lower than suggested by modeling. These results call for a better calibration of early Cenozoic weathering rates.

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Section: Continental Crust and Indian Margin Sedimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Did high Neo-Tethys subduction rates contribute to early Cenozoic warming?

Hoareau¹,

Bomou²,

Hinsbergen³

et al. 2015

Clim. Past

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“…The presence of Cl in unpolluted, evaporite-free river water unaffected by hydrothermal springs is indicative of the incorporation of sea salt aerosols (so-called cyclic salts) (Meybeck, 1987;Meybeck and Helmer, 1989 (Galy and France-Lanord, 1999;Becker et al, 2008) and the Yellowstone River (Hurwitz et al, 2010). Assuming such hydrothermal inputs are negligible and sea salt aerosols are the sole source of Cl measured at the time series sampling site, the sea salt aerosol contribution to other dissolved concentrations can be calculated using seawater elemental ratios to Cl.…”

Section: Sources Of Dissolved Inorganic Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial and temporal dynamics of biogeochemical processes in the Fraser River, Canada : a coupled organic-inorganic perspective

Voß¹

2014

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The great geologic and climatic diversity of the Fraser River basin in southwestern Canada render it an excellent location for understanding biogeochemical cycling of sediments and terrigenous organic carbon in a relatively pristine, large, temperate watershed. Sediments delivered by all tributaries have the potential to reach the ocean due to a lack of main stem lakes or impoundments, a unique feature for a river of its size. This study documents the concentrations of a suite of dissolved and particulate organic and inorganic constituents, which elucidate spatial and temporal variations in chemical weathering (including carbonate weathering in certain areas) as well as organic carbon mobilization, export, and biogeochemical transformation. Radiogenic strontium isotopes are employed as a tracer of sediment provenance based on the wide variation in bedrock age and lithology in the Fraser basin. The influence of sediments derived from the headwaters is detectable at the river mouth, however more downstream sediment sources predominate, particularly during high discharge conditions. Bulk radiocarbon analyses are used to quantify terrestrial storage timescales of organic carbon and distinguish between petrogenic and biospheric organic carbon, which is critical to assessing the role of rivers in long-term atmospheric CO 2 consumption. The estimated terrestrial residence time of biospheric organic carbon in the Fraser basin is 650 years, which is relatively short compared to other larger rivers (Amazon, Ganges-Brahmaputra) in which this assessment has been performed, and is likely related to the limited floodplain storage capacity and non-steadystate post-glacial erosion state of the Fraser River. A large portion of the dissolved inorganic carbon load of the Fraser River (>80%) is estimated to derive from remineralization of dissolved organic carbon, particularly during the annual spring freshet when organic carbon concentrations increase rapidly. This thesis establishes a baseline for carbon cycling in a largely unperturbed modern mid-latitude river system and establishes a framework for future process studies on the mechanisms of organic carbon turnover and organic matter-mineral associations in river systems.

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“…It is situated in the middle of the Indian River-Yarlung-Zanbo suture and the southern margin of the Gangdise continental margin magmatic arc [54] (Figure 1(a)). The main kind of thermal spring in this region is geysers, and the hydrogeothermal height reaches ~2 m. There are also several smaller intermittent geysers and tens of thermal [52,53] and geology of the Langjiu and Dagejia geothermal fields 4,5) . 1, Quaternary sediments; 2, Oligoceneearly Miocene Rgongla group; 3, Paleogene Dazhuka group; 4, Paleogene Dianzhong Group sec; 5, Cretaceous Angren Group; 6, Early Cretaceous Duoai Group; 7, Early Cretaceous Tuocheng Group; 8, Early Cretaceous Langjiu Group; 9, Triassic Tongtangna Group; 10, Late Permian Xiala Group; 11, sampling locations; 12, monzogranites; 13, granodiorites; 14, gangdise magmatic arc; 15, geothermal field; 16, stratigraphic boundary; 17, observed/inferred faults; 18, inferred transtensional faults; 19, observed reverse faults/normal faults; 20, sutures: IYS, Indian River-Yarlung-Zanbo Suture; BNS, Bangong Lake-Nujiang River Suture.…”

Section: Dagejia Geothermal Fieldmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…CO 2 is the most abundant atmospheric greenhouse trace gas, and in recent years research has shown that the deep crust is a large CO 2 source [2][3][4]. Hydrogeothermal systems play a key role in mediating crustal CO 2 outgassing to the atmosphere [4,5]. American geologist T. C. Chamberlin [6] (1843-1928) hypothesized the regulation of atmospheric CO 2 concentrations through dynamic lithospheric interaction with the hydrosphere and atmosphere, which lead to alternating cold and warm periods typified by the Permian and Quaternary glacial-interglacial oscillations.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…American geologist T. C. Chamberlin [6] (1843-1928) hypothesized the regulation of atmospheric CO 2 concentrations through dynamic lithospheric interaction with the hydrosphere and atmosphere, which lead to alternating cold and warm periods typified by the Permian and Quaternary glacial-interglacial oscillations. Modern research is increasingly focusing on regional-and global-scale CO 2 degassing *Corresponding author (xqimei@swu.edu.cn; xqimei@126.com) from the deep crust [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16], and over the past decade a large number of studies have shown that CO 2 release from both volcanic eruptions and non-eruptive systems affects global atmospheric composition. These non-eruptive systems include geomagnetic anomaly zones, shallow earthquake zones, gravity anomalies and high heat flow zones [17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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