Highly Visible‐Transparent and Color‐Neutral Perovskite Solar Cells for Self‐Powered Smart Windows

Abstract

Electrochromic smart windows can reduce the energy consumption of buildings by managing the light and heat transmission. However, they need external power to work, raising the installation cost and compromising the aesthetics of the buildings. Self‐powered smart windows without external power sources have great potential in practical applications. Transparent solar cells can be integrated with smart windows and serve as their power sources. High optical transmittance, good color neutrality, and high power conversion efficiency (PCE) are required for the transparent solar cells to meet the optical and power requirements of self‐powered smart windows. Herein, an efficient MAPbCl3‐based transparent perovskite solar cell (TPSC) using a solvent‐assisted two‐step approach is developed. The transparency and color‐neutrality of the TPSCs are optimized through delicately selecting and pairing the charge transport layers and transparent electrodes. The TPSCs achieve a PCE up to 1.06% and average visible transmittance up to 72%. Self‐powered smart windows powered by the TPSCs show fast and reversible modulation of visible light from 55% to 5% without external power input. This work demonstrates the prospect of deploying TPSCs in a self‐powered smart window for energy saving and sustainable buildings.

Analysis of Si Back‐Contact for Chalcogenide Perovskite Solar Cells Based on BaZrS3 Using SCAPS‐1D

“…In the last decade, research in organic-inorganic hybridperovskite based PV devices has experienced remarkable progress, starting from a photoconversion efficiency (PCE) of 3.8 to the latest value of 29.5%. [1,2] A material with perovskite structure is represented by a molecular formula ABX 3 , where, for the hybrid perovskites, the symbol A represents a monovalent cation such as methylammonium, the symbol B represents a divalent metal cation such as Pb 2+ , and the symbol X represents a halide DOI: 10.1002/adts.202200820 anion, most commonly Cl − , [3] Br − , [4] and I − . [5] However, the presence of toxic element lead (Pb) along with an easy decomposition of these perovskites in the presence of heat and moisture have been major roadblocks for their large-scale implementation so far.…”

Novel Photothermochromic Smart Window Based on PNIPAm‐glass‐MXene/PAM with High Shield, Fast Response, and Excellent Stability

“…[ 1 ] As a basic envelope of a building, windows are one of the greatest inventions of mankind and they transfer heat in the opposite way to people's desires and cause considerable energy loss. [ 2 ] Therefore, the pursuit of smart windows that can flexibly respond to changes in solar irradiance and weather‐oriented requirements is essential for building energy efficiency improvement. [ 3 ] Moreover, optical transitions between different states can be accomplished by thermal, electrical, optical, or mechanical responses.…”

MAPbCl3 Light Absorber for Highest Voltage Perovskite Solar Cells

“…This results in incomplete film coverage with an irregular film morphology. 14,17,18 films exhibit a porous morphology. The subsequent usage of MACl resulted in voids leading to poor device performance.…”

“…19 This is the underlying reason that a two-step deposition process comprising PbCl 2 film dipping in a MACl solution was introduced as an efficient approach for better crystallization of MAPbCl 3 films with more flexibility in dissolving the precursor components. 17 However, post-annealing treatments of asdeposited films has been used as an alternative approach to improve the crystallization and healing of defective perovskite films. 20 Among other efficient crystallization methods, annealing under various atmospheres has been proven to be effective in reducing non-radiative recombination.…”

“…However, in the literature, an additional reflection for PbCl 2 has been observed at 25°. 17 Owing to the coarser grains in the case of MAPbCl 3 films annealed in air, a highly intense reflection along the (100) direction indicates the higher crystallinity of these films.…”