Highly variable sperm precedence in the stalk-eyed fly, Teleopsis dalmanni

Corley, Laura S.; Cotton, Samuel; McConnell, Ellen; Chapman, Tracey; Fowler, Kevin; Pomiankowski, Andrew

doi:10.1186/1471-2148-6-53

Cited by 18 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 53 publications

(76 reference statements)

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“…Thus, our study supports the suggestion that researchers should interpret P 2 studies with caution (Simmons & Siva-Jothy 1998;Simmons 2001;Corley et al 2006). Although there are instances where conventional P 2 estimates are remarkably similar to paternity estimates that are derived under different laboratory mating regimes (e.g.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Sperm competition, alternative mating tactics and context-dependent fertilization success in the burying beetle, Nicrophorus vespilloides

2007

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Females often prefer males with elaborate traits, even when they receive no direct benefits from their choice. In such situations, mate discrimination presumably has genetic advantages; selective females will produce offspring of higher genetic quality. Over time, persistent female preferences for elaborate secondary-sexual traits in males should erode genetic variance in these traits, eventually eliminating any benefit to the preferences. Yet, strong female preferences persist in many taxa. This puzzle is called the lek paradox and raises two primary questions: do females obtain genetic benefits for offspring by selecting males with elaborate secondary-sexual characteristics and, if so, how is the genetic variation in these male traits maintained? We suggest that indirect genetic effects may help to resolve the lek paradox. Maternal phenotypes, such as habitat selection behaviours and offspring provisioning, often influence the condition and the expression of secondary-sexual traits in sons. These maternal influences are commonly genetic based (i.e. they are indirect genetic effects). Females choosing mates with elaborate traits may receive 'good genes' for daughters in the form of effective maternal characteristics. Recognizing the significance of indirect genetic effects may be important to our understanding of the process and consequences of sexual selection.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Sperm competition, alternative mating tactics and context-dependent fertilization success in the burying beetle, Nicrophorus vespilloides

2007

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“…In the evening, a male was placed in the upper cell and the focal female in the lower cell. The following morning (after ~12 hr), the card partition was removed and the pair observed until a successful copulation took place, classed as lasting 30 s or more, to ensure that sperm transfer had occurred (Corley et al, 2006;Lorch, Wilkinson, & Reillo, 1993). Males were only used once.…”

Section: Experiments 1: Gains From An Additional Matingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variation in the benefits of multiple mating on female fertility in wild stalk‐eyed flies

Meade

Harley

Cotton

et al. 2017

Ecology and Evolution

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Polyandry, female mating with multiple males, is widespread across many taxa and almost ubiquitous in insects. This conflicts with the traditional idea that females are constrained by their comparatively large investment in each offspring, and so should only need to mate once or a few times. Females may need to mate multiply to gain sufficient sperm supplies to maintain their fertility, especially in species in which male promiscuity results in division of their ejaculate among many females. Here, we take a novel approach, utilizing wild‐caught individuals to explore how natural variation among females and males influences fertility gains for females. We studied this in the Malaysian stalk‐eyed fly species Teleopsis dalmanni. After an additional mating, females benefit from greatly increased fertility (proportion fertile eggs). Gains from multiple mating are not uniform across females; they are greatest when females have high fecundity or low fertility. Fertility gains also vary spatially, as we find an additional strong effect of the stream from which females were collected. Responses were unaffected by male mating history (males kept with females or in male‐only groups). Recent male mating may be of lesser importance because males in many species, including T. dalmanni, partition their ejaculate to maintain their fertility over many matings. This study highlights the importance of complementing laboratory studies with data on wild‐caught populations, where there is considerable heterogeneity between individuals. Future research should focus on environmental, demographic and genetic factors that are likely to significantly influence variation in individual female fecundity and fertility.

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“…There is substantial variation within the family in eyestalk size and sexual dimorphism in eyespan has evolved independently in several lineages within the family ( Baker and Wilkinson 2001 ). Females in sexually dimorphic species generally exhibit very high mating rates, providing ample opportunity for postcopulatory sperm competition ( Baker, Ashwell, et al 2001 ; Corley et al 2006 ). Similar to eyespan, sperm length and sperm morphology exhibit substantial variation within the family, as well as correlated evolution with female reproductive morphology ( Presgraves et al 1999 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spermatogenesis Drives Rapid Gene Creation and Masculinization of the X Chromosome in Stalk-Eyed Flies (Diopsidae)

et al. 2016

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Throughout their evolutionary history, genomes acquire new genetic material that facilitates phenotypic innovation and diversification. Developmental processes associated with reproduction are particularly likely to involve novel genes. Abundant gene creation impacts the evolution of chromosomal gene content and general regulatory mechanisms such as dosage compensation. Numerous studies in model organisms have found complex and, at times contradictory, relationships among these genomic attributes highlighting the need to examine these patterns in other systems characterized by abundant sexual selection. Therefore, we examined the association among novel gene creation, tissue-specific gene expression, and chromosomal gene content within stalk-eyed flies. Flies in this family are characterized by strong sexual selection and the presence of a newly evolved X chromosome. We generated RNA-seq transcriptome data from the testes for three species within the family and from seven additional tissues in the highly dimorphic species, Teleopsis dalmanni. Analysis of dipteran gene orthology reveals dramatic testes-specific gene creation in stalk-eyed flies, involving numerous gene families that are highly conserved in other insect groups. Identification of X-linked genes for the three species indicates that the X chromosome arose prior to the diversification of the family. The most striking feature of this X chromosome is that it is highly masculinized, containing nearly twice as many testes-specific genes as expected based on its size. All the major processes that may drive differential sex chromosome gene content—creation of genes with male-specific expression, development of male-specific expression from pre-existing genes, and movement of genes with male-specific expression—are elevated on the X chromosome of T. dalmanni. This masculinization occurs despite evidence that testes expressed genes do not achieve the same levels of gene expression on the X chromosome as they do on the autosomes.

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Highly variable sperm precedence in the stalk-eyed fly, Teleopsis dalmanni

Cited by 18 publications

References 53 publications

Sperm competition, alternative mating tactics and context-dependent fertilization success in the burying beetle, Nicrophorus vespilloides

Sperm competition, alternative mating tactics and context-dependent fertilization success in the burying beetle, Nicrophorus vespilloides

Variation in the benefits of multiple mating on female fertility in wild stalk‐eyed flies

Spermatogenesis Drives Rapid Gene Creation and Masculinization of the X Chromosome in Stalk-Eyed Flies (Diopsidae)

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