Highly variable response to cytotoxic chemotherapy in carcinoma-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) from lung and breast

Abstract

Background: Carcinoma-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) can promote carcinogenesis and tumor progression. Only limited data on the response of CAFs to chemotherapy and their potential impact on therapy outcome are available. This study was undertaken to analyze the influence of chemotherapy on carcinoma-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) in vitro and in vivo.

Metastatic breast cancer cells in the bone marrow microenvironment: novel insights into oncoprotection

“…Perhaps, the most harmful players among cells of the tumor microenvironment are carcinoma-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), or myofibroblasts, which have been shown to facilitate cancer progression [40]. For example, in comparison to normal fibroblasts, CAFs have been shown to have greater stimulatory effects on triple-positive BCCs in three-dimensional cultures [41].…”

“…These components are thought to have contractile function [37, 38]. However, the research is complicated by the heterogeneity in CAFs as CAFs have been shown to demonstrate variable responses to chemotherapy [40]. Microenvironmental factors may play a role in the chemosensitivity of cancer cells [40].…”

“…However, the research is complicated by the heterogeneity in CAFs as CAFs have been shown to demonstrate variable responses to chemotherapy [40]. Microenvironmental factors may play a role in the chemosensitivity of cancer cells [40]. Microenvironment-mediated oncoprotection must be overcome before targeted therapy can emerge.…”

In Vitro Breast Cancer Models as Useful Tools in Therapeutics?

“…The results showed that the modified oncolytic adenovirus can infect and replicate in breast cancer tissue slices, suggesting the great potential of this model for evaluating the potential of oncolytic adenovirus constructs (Pennington et al 2010). This list is not exhaustive and the literature shows that a lot of results were obtained by the slice culturing method, more particularly on the study of drugs effects like tamoxifen or paclitaxel (Conde et al 2008;Sonnenberg et al 2008;Rajendran et al 2011). Although used since the late 70's, the slice technique evolved over time and was adapted to technological innovations.…”

Tumor-associated fibroblast-conditioned medium promotes tumor cell proliferation and angiogenesis

“…Tumor-associated fibroblasts (TAFs) are crucial members of the tumor microenvironment, and are considered to promote the initiation, growth, invasion, and angiogenesis of tumors via multiple mechanisms in various organs, including the breast, pancreas, and ovary (Liotta and Kohn, 2001;Sonnenberg et al, 2008;Xing et al, 2010;Cirri and Chiarugi, 2012). TAFs interact with tumor cells through the large numbers of cytokines that are secreted in a paracrine manner and that regulate their biological activities (Raman et al, 2007).…”