Highly tough supramolecular double network hydrogel electrolytes for an artificial flexible and low-temperature tolerant sensor

Abstract

This work provides a novel and simple way to prepare hydrogel electrolytes with eminent toughness, high conductivity and anti-freezing properties.

Skin-like hydrogel devices for wearable sensing, soft robotics and beyond

“…The simplest material design strategy is to incorporate electrolytes or polyelectrolytes into an existing neutral tough hydrogel matrix. For example, NaCl has been introduced into a poly(vinyl alcohol)/poly(acrylic amide) (PVA/PAAm) DN hydrogel to prepare PVA/PAAM/NaCl conductive tough hydrogel via a one-pot method ( Chen et al., 2020a ). Two oppositely charged polyelectrolytes can be incorporated into an agarose/PAAm DN tough hydrogel to create an ionic diode ( Ying et al., 2020a ).…”

A multi-interface CoNi-SP/C heterostructure for quasi-solid-state hybrid supercapacitors with a graphene oxide-containing hydrogel electrolyte

“…59,60 Then, PVA/PAM was obtained through the hydrogen-bonding interactions between the hydroxyl group of PVA chains and the amide group of the acrylamide (AM) monomer and simultaneous free radical polymerization of AM using the crosslinking agent under ultraviolet irradiation. 61,62 Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was conducted to verify the generation of the PVA/PAM/GO hydrogel. Fig.…”

A self-powered flexible sensing system based on a super-tough, high ionic conductivity supercapacitor and a rapid self-recovering fully physically crosslinked double network hydrogel

“…Jiang et al proposed a method for adjusting the mechanical performance and conductivity of hydrogels by utilizing the salting-out effect of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) (induced by sodium chloride (NaCl). 31 The obtained PVA/pAM/NaCl hydrogel exhibited a good tensile stress/strain of 0.47 MPa/1072% and a high conductivity of 6.23 S m À1 . This strategy not only gave an optional method for toughening the hydrogel, but also provided an idea for unifying high ionic conductivity and high toughness into one hydrogel.…”