Highly stretchable and sensitive strain sensors based on carbon nanotube–elastomer nanocomposites: the effect of environmental factors on strain sensing performance

Nankali, Mohammad; Nouri, Mahtab; Navidbakhsh, Mahdi; Malek, N. Geran; Amindehghan, Mohammad Amin; Shahtoori, Abdolsamad Montazeri; Karimi, Marita; Amjadi, Morteza

doi:10.1039/d0tc00373e

Cited by 68 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…The onset of strain triggers a brief (∼0.5 s) and small overshoot of ∼10x the initial resistance that is due to the viscoelastic stress-relaxation behavior of the NBR substrate ( Figure S14 ). This is a common behavior of resistive strain sensors, and the overshoot duration is comparable to that of other strain sensors implemented for motion monitoring, which have been reported to fall between <1s and 10 s ( Liu et al., 2021 ; Nankali et al., 2020 ; Wang et al., 2020a , 2020b ). After stabilizing, the sensor response corresponds to a strain of ∼45% on the PIP joint and ∼20% on the MCP joint.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 72%

Ready-to-wear strain sensing gloves for human motion sensing

Mechael

Chen

et al. 2021

iScience

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Summary Integrating soft sensors with wearable platforms is critical for sensor-based human augmentation, yet the fabrication of wearable sensors integrated into ready-to-wear platforms remains underdeveloped. Disposable gloves are an ideal substrate for wearable sensors that map hand-specific gestures. Here, we use solution-based metallization to prepare resistive sensing arrays directly on off-the-shelf nitrile butadiene rubber (NBR) gloves. The NBR glove acts as the wearable platform while its surface roughness enhances the sensitivity of the overlying sensing array. The NBR sensors have a sheet resistance of 3.1 ± 0.6 Ω/sq and a large linear working range (two linear regions ≤70%). When stretched, the rough NBR substrate facilitates microcrack formation in the overlying metal, enabling high gauge factors (62 up to 40% strain, 246 from 45 - 70% strain) that are unprecedented for metal film sensors. We apply the sensing array to dynamically monitor gestures for gesture differentiation and robotic control.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 72%

Ready-to-wear strain sensing gloves for human motion sensing

Mechael

Chen

et al. 2021

iScience

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“…A recent study revealed a significant influence of temperature and humidity changes on the strain sensing behavior of CNTs-PDMS nanocomposite strain sensors. [229] Thus, new material approaches, advance packaging strategies, and micro-/nanostructure designs are required to eliminate these unwanted interferences. [197,230,231] For example, a temperature self-compensated hybrid film composed of graphite and CNTs has been proposed to decouple the effect of the temperature change on the response of strain sensors.…”

Section: Limitations and Challengesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wearable and Stretchable Strain Sensors: Materials, Sensing Mechanisms, and Applications

Souri¹,

Banerjee

Jusufi

et al. 2020

Advanced Intelligent Systems

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Recent advances in the design and implementation of wearable resistive, capacitive, and optical strain sensors are summarized herein. Wearable and stretchable strain sensors have received extensive research interest due to their applications in personalized healthcare, human motion detection, human–machine interfaces, soft robotics, and beyond. The disconnection of overlapped nanomaterials, reversible opening/closing of microcracks in sensing films, and alteration of the tunneling resistance have been successfully adopted to develop high‐performance resistive‐type sensors. On the other hand, the sensing behavior of capacitive‐type and optical strain sensors is largely governed by their geometrical changes under stretching/releasing cycles. The sensor design parameters, including stretchability, sensitivity, linearity, hysteresis, and dynamic durability, are comprehensively discussed. Finally, the promising applications of wearable strain sensors are highlighted in detail. Although considerable progress has been made so far, wearable strain sensors are still in their prototype stage, and several challenges in the manufacturing of integrated and multifunctional strain sensors should be yet tackled.

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“…Several works in the literature reported the enhancement of strain sensor GF through speci c strategies like a plasma treatment of the substrate, a high functional layer thickness, and defect formation via cracking [50]. Such sensors however are demonstrated to be inferior in other attributes such as linearity and repeatability [27,[51][52][53]. This work emphasises the intrinsic stretchability of the functional layer, through which the sensor attributes are improved for strain sensing.…”

Section: ( ) ( )mentioning

confidence: 86%

Stretchable Printed Device for the Simultaneous Sensing of Temperature and Strain Validated in a Mouse Wound Healing Model

Deferme

Jose

Bronckaers

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Temperature and strain are two vital parameters that play a significant role in wound diagnosis and healing. As periodic temperature measurements with a custom thermometer or strain measurements with conventional metallic gauges became less feasible for the modern competent health monitoring, individual temperature and strain measurement modalities incorporated into wearables and patches were developed. The proposed research in the article shows the development of a single sensor solution which can simultaneously measure both the above mentioned parameters. This work integrates a thermoelectric principle based temperature measurement approach into wearables, ensuring flexibility and bendability properties without affecting its thermo-generated voltage. The modified thermoelectric material helped to achieve stretchability of the sensor, thanks to its superior mechano-transduction properties. Moreover, the stretch-induced resistance changes become an additional marker for strain measurements so that both the parameters can be measured with the same sensor. Due to the independent measurement parameters (open circuit voltage and sensor resistance ), the sensing model is greatly attractive for measurements without cross-sensitivity. The highly resilient temperature and strain sensor show excellent linearity, repeatability and good sensitivity. Besides, due to the compatibility of the fabrication scheme to low temperature processing of the flexible materials and to mass volume production, printed fabrication methodologies were adopted to realize the sensor. This promises low cost production and a disposable nature (single use) of the sensor patch. The temperature-strain dual parameter semi-transparent sensor has been further tested on mice wounds in vivo. The preliminary experiments on mice wounds offer prospects for developing smart, i.e. sensorized, wound dressings for clinical applications.

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Highly stretchable and sensitive strain sensors based on carbon nanotube–elastomer nanocomposites: the effect of environmental factors on strain sensing performance

Abstract: The impact of environmental parameters on the sensing behavior of carbon nanotube–elastomer nanocomposite strain sensors has been investigated, revealing significant effect of temperature and humidity variations on the sensing performance.

Cited by 68 publications

References 66 publications

Ready-to-wear strain sensing gloves for human motion sensing

Ready-to-wear strain sensing gloves for human motion sensing

Wearable and Stretchable Strain Sensors: Materials, Sensing Mechanisms, and Applications

Stretchable Printed Device for the Simultaneous Sensing of Temperature and Strain Validated in a Mouse Wound Healing Model

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