Highly Stretchable and Self-Healable Supercapacitor with Reduced Graphene Oxide Based Fiber Springs

Abstract

In large-scale applications of portable and wearable electronic devices, high-performance supercapacitors are important energy supply sources. However, since the reliability and stability of supercapacitors are generally destroyed by mechanical deformation and damage during practical applications, the stretchability and self-healability must be exploited for the supercapacitors. Preparing the highly stretchable and self-healable electrodes is still a challenge. Here, we report reduced graphene oxide fiber based springs as electrodes for stretchable and self-healable supercapacitors. The fiber springs (diameters of 295 μm) are thick enough to reconnect the broken electrodes accurately by visual inspection. By wrapping fiber springs with a self-healing polymer outer shell, a stretchable and self-healable supercapacitor is successfully realized. The supercapacitor has 82.4% capacitance retention after a large stretch (100%), and 54.2% capacitance retention after the third healing. This work gave an essential strategy for designing and fabricating stretchable and self-healable supercapacitors in next-generation multifunctional electronic devices.

Self‐Healing Materials for Next‐Generation Energy Harvesting and Storage Devices

“…a) PVA: poly(vinyl alcohol) [99,127,128] , b) PAA: polyacrylic acid [71,80,97,98] , c) PDMS: polydimethylsiloxane [42,77,83] , d) PDMAA: poly(N,N-dimethylacrylamide) [51,52] , e) PMCMA-co-PCMA: poly[2-(ethylcarbamoyloxy)ethyl methacrylate-co-2-(ethylcarbamoyloxy)ethyl acrylate [56] ], f) PCL: polycaprolactone [69,75] , g) bPEI: branched polyethylenimine [62,71,80] , h) PU: polyurethane. [43,81,[91][92][93] www.advancedsciencenews.com Adv. Energy Mater.…”

“…In another example, a self-healing polyurethane polymer was used as encapsulating material for the fiber/yarn-shaped supercapacitors. [91,92] Benefiting from the self-healing abilities of polyurethane shell, the resulting supercapacitors exhibited good stability and excellent self-healing feature to repair their mechanical damages. Considering the rapid development of flexible, portable, wearable energy harvesting and storage devices, there is an urgent need to develop multifunctional self-healing encapsulating materials (high flexibility, excellent self-healability, desirable physical and/or chemical features) for enhancing the durability and reliability of these devices.…”

Recent advancements in metal organic framework based electrodes for supercapacitors

“…22). The MWCNTS was functionalized by KMnO 4 and HNO 3 . The specific capacitance value of MWCNTs/nanoporous carbon-Large was measured to be 302. .…”

“…Their unique properties, including high power density, fast charge/discharge rate, long cycle life and environmental friendliness, make supercapacitors attractive devices for a variety of applications in energy storage such as electronic communications, the emergent electric transportation industry and aerospace [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10].…”

Smart Electrochemical Energy Storage Devices with Self‐Protection and Self‐Adaptation Abilities

“…[84][85][86][87] However, these devices are inevitably susceptible to structural fracture and mechanical damage during practical operation, resulting in malfunction, inconvenience brought by usage interruption, electronic waste and safety hazards. [34,88] Motivated by living organisms whose injuries can be healed spontaneously by innate regenerative systems, smart energy storage devices with self-healing ability in response to external mechanical damage are very appealing, and are being studied intensely, [34,89,90] facilitated by the rapid development of healable materials. [91][92][93][94][95][96][97] As a consequence, the service time, reliability and durability of these devices can be significantly enhanced.…”